上泽充通大￥ Shanghai Jiao Tong University 1896 1920 1987 2006 Lecture 16-3 Microbial Evolution and Systematics 微生物进化与系统分类 Chapter 16 in BROCK BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS AI JIAO TONG UNI Chen Feng School of Life Science and Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong University
1896 1920 1987 2006 Lecture 16-3 Microbial Evolution and Systematics 微生物进化与系统分类 Chen Feng School of Life Science and Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Chapter 16 in BROCK BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS
III.Microbial Systematics微生物系统 分类学 @Phylogenetics系统发生学-the study of phylogeny family history of microbes ·Genotype-based Taxonomy:分类学-science of classification, consists of two major subdisciplines: 。Identification鉴定 ·Nomenclature命名 ·Phenotype-based Chen Feng,Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Chen Feng, Shanghai Jiao Tong University III. Microbial Systematics微生物系统 分类学 Phylogenetics系统发生学-the study of phylogeny • family history of microbes • Genotype-based Taxonomy分类学-science of classification, consists of two major subdisciplines: • Identification 鉴定 • Nomenclature 命名 • Phenotype-based
Conventional/Classical Taxonomy 传统/经典分类法 Characteristics of taxonomic value include Morphology,Motility,Nutrition, Pysiology&Ecology?分类学特征包括形态学、 运动性、营养需求、生理学、生态学特征 GC ratios can be a part of classical bacterial taxonomy Chen Feng,Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Chen Feng, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Conventional/Classical Taxonomy 传统/经典分类法 Characteristics of taxonomic value include Morphology, Motility, Nutrition, Pysiology & Ecology分类学特征包括形态学、 运动性、营养需求、生理学、生态学特征 GC ratios can be a part of classical bacterial taxonomy
Isolation of bacterium from intestine of warm-blooded animal Example of methods for Obtain pure culture identification鉴定方法举例 Most of the analyses require: Gram reaction ↓ 1.pure culture of the organism Gram-negative 2.solely phenotypic criteria Rod-shaped 鉴定中需要纯培养物和独特的表型特 征 Facultative ↓ Ferments lactose, producing acids and gas ↓ Perform biochemical tests: (Positive:indole,methyl red,mucate; Identification negative:citrate,Voges-Proskauer,H2S) Escherichia coli
Example of methods for identification 鉴定方法举例 Most of the analyses require： 1. pure culture of the organism 2. solely phenotypic criteria 鉴定中需要纯培养物和独特的表型特 征 Identification
16.10 Phenotypic Analysis:Fatty Acid Methyl Ester(FAME)脂肪酸甲酯分析法 FAME:Identification through characterizations of the types and proportions of fatty acids present in membrane and outer membrane(G-) lipids of cells.通过细胞膜/外膜的脂肪酸类型 来鉴定细菌 More than 200 different fatty acids have been discovered from bacterial sources. Chen Feng,Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Chen Feng, Shanghai Jiao Tong University 16.10 Phenotypic Analysis: Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) 脂肪酸甲酯分析法 FAME: Identification through characterizations of the types and proportions of fatty acids present in membrane and outer membrane (G- ) lipids of cells.通过细胞膜/外膜的脂肪酸类型 来鉴定细菌 More than 200 different fatty acids have been discovered from bacterial sources