(3)Entrapment 载体结合法固定 (4)Encapsulation 化酶模式 凝胶网格 聚合物微襄 ◆。 包埋法固定化酶模式 (5)Cross-linking 试分子醒 交联法固 定化衡模式
(3) Entrapment (4) Encapsulation (5)Cross-linking
9.4 Properties of Immobilized Biocatalysts 9.4.1.Stability heat,pH,chemicals physical damage Dissociated Unfolded Stabilised Stabilization of an enzyme against protein denaturation by mlti-point attach- ment to a support material 9.4.2.Catalytic activity
9.4.1. Stability 9.4.2. Catalytic activity 9.4 Properties of Immobilized Biocatalysts
9.5 Applications Biotronsformation Biocotalyst Immobilized Biocatalyst Food industry Glucose-fructose Bacterial cells Arthrohacter cells/polyelectrolyte complex Glucose→fructose Glucose isomerase Enzyme/polystyrene beads Lactose-glucose fructose Lactase enzyme Enzyme/alginate beads Aspartame biosynthesis Thermolysin Enzyme/hydrophobic beads Starch-maltose Alpha amylase Enzyme/hollow fibres Coagulation of casein in milk Chymosin Calf stomach crude extract/ chitosan gel Coagulation of casein in milk Chymosin Aspergiflus recombinan'enzyme alginate beads Pharmaceutical imdustry 6-APA-ampicillin Bacterial cells Bocillus mogateritn/DEAE- cellulose Glucose→enicillin G Bacterial cells Penicillium chrysogenum polyacrylamide sel Digitoxindigoxin Plant cells Digiralis lanotejalginate beads Human gamma interferon Animal cells Chinese hamster ovary/alginate L-Dopa biosynthesis Tyrosinase Enzyme/nylon 6,6 mesh Tetracycline biosynthesis Bacterial cells Sireptomyees aureofnciensf carrageenan
9.5 Applications
Medicine Cancer therapy Neuraminidase Enzyme/gelatin membrane Cystic fibrosis lung DNAase Enzyme/dextran decongestion Phenylketonuria Phenylalanine Enzyme/sgarose hydroxylase Acatalasaemia Catalase Enzyme/microspheres Treatment of burns and ulcers Collagenase Enzyme/cotton fibres Drug detoxification (overdose) Cytochromes P450 Enzymes/hollow fibres Pancreatic insufficiency Digestion enzymes Enzyme extract/enteric-coated micropsheres Adenosine deaminase Adenosine Enzyme/polyethylene glycol deficiency deaminase Biosensors Serum cholesterol level Cholesterol Enzyme/nylon membrane esterase Serum glucose level Glucose Enzymefcollagen membrane dehydrogenase Serum akcohol level Alcohol oxidase Enzyme/cross-linked polymer Diamine level in foodstulT Diamine oxidase Enzyme/cross-linked with glutaraldchyde NADH level NADH oxidase Enzyme/Immobilon AV membrane Glucuronide-drug levels Animal cell Microsomes/organic membrane microsomes
Control panel Acety1-D- amino ocid crystel- Acetyl-DL 盟 lizer Amino Ack Tank for racemi- Heat Separator zation exchange Tank for hot Crystalline Pump Filter Automatic L-AMINO ACIDE reaction recorder Fig.2.Flow diagram for continuous production of L-amino acids by using im- mobilized aminoacylase.(From Chibata et al.,1972.)