Objectives After completion of this section,you should be able to 1.Understand the central dogma and general principles of DNA replication. 2.List molecules involved in DNA replication 3.Describe the process of DNA replication 4.List types of DNA damage 5.Explain mechanism of DNA repair (BER and NER) 6.Appreciate other ways of replication and reverse transcription (in telomere)
Objectives After completion of this section, you should be able to : 1. Understand the central dogma and general principles of DNA replication. 2. List molecules involved in DNA replication 3. Describe the process of DNA replication 4. List types of DNA damage 5. Explain mechanism of DNA repair (BER and NER) 6. Appreciate other ways of replication and reverse transcription (in telomere)
DNA replication is the most accurate biological process Fertilized egg(one cell) Camnegie Stages of Human Development 33 ~50,000,000,000,000 cell divisions
DNA replication is the most accurate biological process Fertilized egg (one cell) ~50,000,000,000,000 cell divisions
Defects in DNA replication genes and human disease At least 80 human diseases result from genetic mutations. At least 32 of these diseases result from mutations in genes encoding either DNA replication or repair proteins. Disease Affected Proteins Progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO) Mitochondrial DNA polymerase y Alpers syndrome Mitochondrial DNA polymerase Y Progressive extemal ophthaimoplegia(PEO) Mitochondrial DNA helicase Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer Several DNA mismatch repair proteins (HNPCC).or Lynch syndrome Bloom syndrome DNA helicase Wemer syndrome DNA helicase Rothmund-Thomson syndrome DNA helicase Rapadillino Syndrome DNA helicase Xeroderma pigmentosum varant DNA polymerase n XP-Cockayne syndrome DNA helicase Trichothiodystrophy DNAhelicases LIG4 syndrome DNA ligase Miller-Dieker lissencephaly syndrome* Contiguous haploinsufficiency(-20 genes)including the gene for Replication Factor A (single-stranded DNA-binding protein) William Beuren syndrome' Contiguous haploinsuficiency(-24 genes)including the gene for a subunit of Replication Factor C(clamp loader) *syndromes that MAY be related to DNA replication or repair proteins
DNA replication is the process in which DNA serves as the template for its own synthesis.When Watson and Crick proposed the double helical base- paired model for DNA structure in 1953,the idea of a process in which parental DNA directs its own synthesis emerged. "It has not escaped our notice that the specific pairing we have postulated immediately suggests a possible copying mechanism for the genetic material." J.D.Watson F.H.C.Crick, Nature1953,171,737-738
DNA replication is the process in which DNA serves as the template for its own synthesis. When Watson and Crick proposed the double helical basepaired model for DNA structure in 1953, the idea of a process in which parental DNA directs its own synthesis emerged
Outline of the section 1.Basic concepts and general principles of DNA replication 2.Proteins involved in DNA replication 3.Biosynthesis process of DNA 4.DNA damage and repair
Outline of the section 1. Basic concepts and general principles of DNA replication 2. Proteins involved in DNA replication 3. Biosynthesis process of DNA 4. DNA damage and repair