Nirenberg and Matthaei's experiment1961 -MarshallNirenberg and HeinrichMatthaeiIn vitro translation ofsynthetic poly-U mRNA8-16
8-16 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required to reproduce or display Nirenberg Nirenberg and Matthaei Matthaei’s experiment experiment 1961 – Marshall Marshall Nirenberg Nirenberg and Heinrich Heinrich Matthaei Matthaei In vitro In vitro translation of translation of synthetic poly synthetic poly-U mRNA
(a)Poly-UmRNAencodespolyphenylalanine.5'NPhePhePhe PhePhePhePheCAnalyzeradioactivepolypeptidessynthesizedSyntheticInvitrotranslationalmRNAsystemplusradioactiveaminoacids(b)Analyzingthecodingpossibilities.Synthetic mRNAPolypeptidessynthesizedPolypeptideswithoneaminoacidpoly-u uuuu...Phe-Phe-Phe...poly-ccCcc...Pro-Pro-Pro...poly-A AAAA...Lys-Lys-Lys ...poly-G GGGG...Gly-Gly-Gly...UUU-PheCCC-- ProAAA -- LysGGG -- Gly8-17Fig.8.7a,b
8-17 Fig. 8.7a, b Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required to reproduce or display UUU – Phe CCC - Pro AAA - Lys GGG - Gly
Khorana's experimentHarGobindKhoranaSynthesis and translation of mRNAs with repeating nucleotidesPD-HI［PD-27D节CPOJ=HarGobindKhorana(1922-2011)8-18
8-18 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required to reproduce or display Khorana Khorana’s experiment experiment Har Gobind Khorana Khorana Synthesis and translation of mRNAs with repeating nucleotides. Synthesis and translation of mRNAs with repeating nucleotides. Har Gobind Khorana (1922-2011)
RepeatingdinucleotidesPolypeptides withalternatingamino acidsUCU, CUC- Ser,LeuAGA, GAG-Arg,Glupoly-UC UCuC...Ser-Leu-Ser-Leu ...poly-AG AGAG...Arg-Glu-Arg-Glu..UGU, GUG- Cys, Valpoly-UG UGUG...Cys-Val-Cys-Val...ACAC...poly-ACThr-His-Thr-His...ACA, CAC- Thr, HisRepeatingtrinucleotidesThreepolypeptideseachwithoneaminoacidpoly-UuC UUCUuCUUC..Phe-Phe.... and Ser-Ser.... and Leu-Leu...POly-AAG AAGAAGAAG...Lys-Lys....andArg-Arg....and Glu-Glu...Poly-UUG UUGUUGUUGLeu-Leu....andCys-Cys.... andVal-Val...POly-UAC UACUACUAC...Tyr-Ty.... and Thr-Th....and Leu-Leu...Repeating tetranucleotidesPolypeptides withrepeating units offouramino acidsPoly-UAUC UAUCUAUC...Tyr-Leu-Ser-le-Tyr-Leu-Ser-lle...POly-UUACUUACUUAC...Leu-Leu-Thr-Tyr-Leu-Leu-Thr-Tyr..poly-GUAAGUAAGUAA...nonepoly-GAUA GAUAGAUA...noneFig.8.7b8-19
8-19 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required to reproduce or display UCU, CUC – Ser, Leu AGA, GAG – Arg, Glu UGU, GUG – Cys, Val ACA, CAC – Thr, His Fig. 8.7b
Nirenberg and Leder'sexperiment1965-NirenbergandPhilipLederMix synthetic 3 nucleotidemRNAs withtRNAscharged with radioactive aminoacid14cLeuRibosomeCucMarshallW.Nirenberg(1927-2010)8-20Fig.8.8
8-20 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required to reproduce or display 1965 - Nirenberg Nirenberg and Philip Leder Mix synthetic 3 nucleotide mRNAs with Mix synthetic 3 nucleotide mRNAs with tRNAs charged with radioactive amino acid. charged with radioactive amino acid. Nirenberg Nirenberg and Leder’s experiment experiment Fig. 8.8 Marshall W. Nirenberg (1927-2010)