Chapter19The Genetics of Cancer19-1
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Sectionsto study19.3How cell division is normally controlled19.1Characteristics of cancer cells19.2Thegeneticbasis of cancers19.4 Howmutations cause cancer phenotypes19.5Personalizedcancertreatment19-2
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required to reproduce or display 19-2 Sections to study Sections to study 19.3 How cell division is normally controlled 19.3 How cell division is normally controlled 19.1 Characteristics of cancer cells 19.1 Characteristics of cancer cells 19.2 The genetic basis of cancers 19.2 The genetic basis of cancers 19.4 How mutations cause cancer phenotypes 19.4 How mutations cause cancer phenotypes 19.5 Personalized cancer treatment 19.5 Personalized cancer treatment
G,:Cell grows insize,prepares forDNA replication19.3 How cellCentrosomeS:DNAreplicationCell membranedivision is normallyDNANuclearcontrolledmembraneDaughtercellsGa:Cellpreparesfor divisionCell divisionMitosisCytokinesisSpindlepoleCondensedchromosomeMitoticspindleM:Mitosis1.Breakdownofnuclearmembrane2.Condensation ofchromosomes3.Attachmentofchromosomestomitoticspindles
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required to reproduce or display 19-3 19.3 How cell 19.3 How cell division is normally division is normally controlled controlled Mitosis Mitosis Cytokinesis Cytokinesis Cell division Cell division
How do cellsknowwhento divide?Extracellular signals: Steroids, peptides, and proteins that actoverlong or short distances,collectivelyknown as hormones.Cell-bound signals:Such as histocompatibility proteins.Cellsintheimmune system communicate via these signals.(b)StimulatinggrowthfactorReceptor000CellmembraneCytoplasmSignaltransducersTranscriptionfactorProteinthatDNANucleusstimulatescelldivision19-4Fig. 19.11
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required to reproduce or display 19-4 Extracellular signals Extracellular signals: Steroids, peptides, and proteins that act : Steroids, peptides, and proteins that act over long or short distances, over long or short distances, collectively known as hormones. collectively known as hormones. Cell-bound signals bound signals: Such as : Such as histocompatibility histocompatibility proteins. Cells in proteins. Cells in the immune system communicate via these signals. the immune system communicate via these signals. How do cells know when to divide? How do cells know when to divide? Fig. 19.11
Each signaltransductionpathway/systemhas fourcomponentsThe activation or inhibition of intracellular targets after growthfactor binding is called signal transduction19-5
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required to reproduce or display 19-5 Each signal transduction pathway/system Each signal transduction pathway/system has four components has four components The activation or inhibition of intracellular targets after growth factor binding is called signal transduction