2.Pleural cavityLungThoracicwallVisceralpleuraParietalpleuraPleural cavity withAlveolipleural fluid
2. Pleural cavity
3. LungNumberNameofbranchesoftubesinbranchTracheaBronchi2rooNasalcavity8Oral cavityPharynx16BronchiolesEpiglotisLarynx32EsophagusTracheaTerminalbronchiolesLet6x104bronchusRightThoracelungBronchiolecavityRespiratorybronchiolesAlveol5x105Ribs(cu)HeartPleural sacDiaphragmAlveolarducts(cutedges)(cutedge)8x106Alveolarsacs
3. Lung
AlveoliCopyright@TheMcGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.PermissionrequiredforreproductionordisplayEachoftheclusteredalveoliLeftpulmonaartervoinincludes an abundance ofBeonchiolbronchuspulmonary capillaries,therebyHearassuringthattheventilated airisbrought into close proximity tothe“pulmonary"blood,allowingefficient and thorough gasexchangebetweentheairandthe blood
Alveoli Each of the clustered alveoli includes an abundance of pulmonary capillaries, thereby assuring that the ventilated air is brought into close proximity to the “ pulmonary ” blood, allowing efficient and thorough gas exchange between the air and the blood
RespiratorySurface areabronchioleAlveolusAlveolarductAlveolusAiveolusDOrExtensive branching ofalveoli produceslots ofAlveolussurface area for exchangebetweenairandblood(b)CapillaryAlveolarairType ll cellBasementendotheliummembraneAlveoli and capillaryErythrocyteInterstitiumwalls are thin, permittingPlasmsincapilaryrapid diffusion of gases.EcythrocyteType'IcellAlveolarair50-100m2
Alveoli and capillary walls are thin, permitting rapid diffusion of gases. Extensive branching of alveoli produces lots of surface area for exchange between air and blood. Surface area 50-100 m2
4. Respiratory muscleInspiratorymuscles:Diaphragm, External intercostal musclesAccessory respiratory muscles:scalenus,sternocleidomastoidmusclesINSPIRATIONEXPIRATIONSternocleidIemnointercostalsExpiratorymuscles:TransversuInternalintercostalmusclesthoracExtercostalabdominalmusclesobhauDiaphIntermaobliqu
Inspiratory muscles: Diaphragm, External intercostal muscles Accessory respiratory muscles：scalenus, sternocleidomastoid muscles Expiratory muscles: Internal intercostal muscles abdominal muscles 4. Respiratory muscle