CardiovascularSystematriumHua DaiL.ventricleR.atriumMedicalSchoolR.ventricleYangzhou UniversityCardiovascularPhysiology
Cardiovascular System Hua Dai Medical School Yangzhou University Cardiovascular Physiology
System OverviewComponents of the cardiovascular system:.Heart.Vascular systemLatrium·BloodL.ventricleR.atriumR.ventricleCardiovascularsystem
System Overview •Heart •Vascular system •Blood Components of the cardiovascular system: Cardiovascular system
FlowatrestOrganml/minThe distribution of blood in aBrain650（13%)comfortable,resting personHeart215(4%)is shown here.Skeletal1030(20%)muscleDynamic adjustments in bloodSkin430(9%)delivery allow aperson toKidney950(20%)respond to widely varyingcircumstances, includingAbdominalemergencies.1200(24%)organsOther525（10%)Total5000（100%)Adapted trom Chapman and Mitchel
Dynamic adjustments in blood delivery allow a person to respond to widely varying circumstances, including emergencies. The distribution of blood in a comfortable, resting person is shown here
The heart is the pump that propels the bloodthrough the systemic and pulmonary circuits.Left side: Pumping bloodto systemic circulationL.atriumLventricleR.atriumRight side: Pumping bloodR.ventricletopulmonarycirculationCardiovascularsystem
Left side：Pumping blood to systemic circulation Cardiovascular system Right side：Pumping blood to pulmonary circulation The heart is the pump that propels the blood through the systemic and pulmonary circuits
Copyright @TheMcGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.Permissionrequired forreproductionordisplayTABLE12-1The Cardiovascular SystemCOMPONENTFUNCTIONHeartAtriaChambersthroughwhichblood flows fromveinsto ventricles.Atrial contraction adds toventricularfillingbutisnot essentialforit.VentriclesChambers whose contractionsproducethepressuresthatdrivebloodthroughthepulmonary and systemicvascularsystemsandbacktotheheartVascularsystemArteriesLow-resistancetubesconductingbloodtothevariousorganswithlittlelossinpressure.Theyalsoactaspressurereservoirsformaintainingbloodflowduringventricularrelaxation.ArteriolesMajorsitesofresistancetoflow,responsibleforthepatternofbloodflowdistributiontothevarious organs;participateintheregulationofarterial bloodpressureCapillariesSitesofnutrient,metabolicendproductandfluidexchangebetweenbloodandtissues.VenulesSitesofnutrient,metabolicendproduct,andfluidexchangebetweenbloodandtissues.VeinsLow-resistance conduits forblood flowback totheheart.Their capacityforblood is adjustedtofacilitatethisflow.BloodPlasmaLiquidportion ofbloodthatcontainsdissolved nutrients,ions,wastes,gases,andothersubstances.ItscompositionequilibrateswiththatofinterstitialfluidatthecapillariesCellsIncludeserythrocytesthatfunctionmainlyingastransport,leukocytesthatfunction inimmunedefenses,andplatelets(cellfragments)forbloodclotting