。。。 GEORG LUKACS History and Studies in Class Consciousness Marxist Dialectics translated by Rodney Livingstone er
GEORG LUKACS Byi FANINO OF CONTEMH0人x人M History and class C onsciousness Studies in Marxist Dialectics Translated by Rodney Livingstone THE MIT PRESS CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS
335,4!E L o4 冫氵 e 1968 by Hermann Luchterhand Verlag Gmbh Contents Translation 1971 The Merlin Press Ltd First published in this edition by The Merlin Press Ltd Translator’sNot IsBN 0 262 12035 6(hardcover) Preface to the new edition(1967) IsBN 0 262 62020 0(paperback) Preface Library of Congress catalog card number: 70-146824 What is Orthodox Marxism? Printed in Great Britain The Marxism of Rosa Luxemburg Reification and the Consciousness of the Proletariat I The Phenomenon of Reification II The Antinomies of Bourgeois Thought The Standpoint of the Pr The Changing Function of Historical Materialism Legality and Illegality 256 Critical Observations on Rosa Luxemburg's"Critique of Towards a ethodology of the Problem of Organisation 295 notes to the English Edition 354
For Gertrud Borstieber translator’ s Note I have consulted both the French translation of 1960 by K. Axielos andJ. Bois, Les Editions de Minuit, Paris, and the version of"What is Orthodox Marxism? by Michael Harrington in New International, Summer 1957
Preface to the New Edition(967) IN an old autobiographical sketch(of 1933) I called the story of my early development My Road to Marx. The writings collected in this volume encompass my years of apprenticeship in Marxism. In publishing again the most important documents of this (1918-1930)my intention is to emphasise their experimental nature and on no account to suggest that they have any topical mportance in the current controversies about the true nature of Marxism. In view of the great uncertainty prevailing with re ard to its essential content and its methodological validity, it is ecessary to state this quite firmly in the interests of intellectual integrity. On the other hand, if both they and the contemporary situation are scrutinised critically these essays will still be found to have a certain documentary value in the present debates. Hence the writings assembled here do more than simply illuminate the stages of my personal development; they also show the path taken by intellectual events generally and as long as they are viewed critically they will not be lacking in significance for an under- standing of the present Of course, I cannot possibly Marxism around 1918 without bricfly mentioning my carlier development. As I emphasised in the sketch I have just referred to. i frst read Marx while I was still at school. Later, around 1908 I made a study of Capital in order to lay a sociologic oundation for my monograph on modern drama. At the time then, it was Marx the'sociologist' that attracted me-and I saw him through spectacles tinged by Simmel and Max Weber. I resumed my studies of Marx during world War I, but this time was So the influence of Hegel rather than any contemporary thinker Of course, even Hegel's effect upon me was highly ambiguous. For, on the one hand, Kierkegaard had played a significant role in my early development and in the immediate pre-war years in Heidelberg I even planned an essay on his criticism of Hegel On the other hand, the contradictions in my social and p