Massachusetts Institute of Technology VE RII! TAS Harvard medical school Brigham and Womens/Massachusetts General Hosp VA Boston Healthcare System 279J396J/BE441/HST522J BIOMATERIALS FOR JOINT REGENERATION-I M. Spector, Ph D and I.v. Yannas, Ph. D
Massachusetts In Massachusetts Institute of Technology stitute of Technology Harvard Medical School Harvard Medical School Brigham and Wo Brigham and Women’s/Massachusetts General Hosp. men’s/Massachusetts General Hosp. VA Boston Healthcare System VA Boston Healthcare System 2.79J/3.96J/BE.441/HST522J 2.79J/3.96J/BE.441/HST522J BIOMATERIALS FOR JOINT BIOMATERIALS FOR JOINT REGENERATION REGENERATION-I M. Spector, Ph.D. and I.V. Yannas, Ph.D. M. Spector, Ph.D. and I.V. Yannas, Ph.D
TISSUES COMPRISING JOINTS Permanent Regeneration Prosthesis Scaffold Bone Yes Yes Articular cartilage 0 Yes* Meniscus 0 Yes x Ligaments No Yes i Synovium No No s In the process of being developed
TISSUES COMPRISING JOINTS TISSUES COMPRISING JOINTS Permanent Permanent Regeneration Regeneration Prosthesis Prosthesis Scaffold Scaffold Bone Yes Yes Articular cartilage Articular cartilage No Yes* Meniscus Meniscus No Yes* Ligaments Ligaments No Yes* Synovium Synovium No No * In the process of being developed * In the process of being developed
WOUND HEALING Roots of Tissue Engineering Insur 4 Tissue categories Connective Tissue Inflammation Epithelium (Vascularized tissue Nerve Muscle Reparative P rocess R egeneration Repair(scar) cT bone CT: cartilage Ep: epidermis erve Muscle: smooth Muscle: cardiac skel spontaneous
WOUND HEALING WOUND HEALING Roots of Tissue Engineering Roots of Tissue Engineering Injury Inflammation Inflammation (Vascularized tissue) (Vascularized tissue) Reparative Reparative Process Process Regeneration* Regeneration* Repair (Scar) Repair (Scar) CT: bone CT: bone CT: cartilage CT: cartilage Ep: epidermis : epidermis Nerve Muscle: smooth Muscle: smooth Muscle: cardiac, Muscle: cardiac, skel . 4 Tissu 4 Tissu e Categories Categories Connective Tissue nnective Tissue Epithelium Epithelium Nerve Muscle *spontaneous *spontaneous
TISSUE ENGINEERING What is tissue engineering? Production of tissue in vitro by growing cells in porous, absorbable scaffolds(matrices). Why is tissue engineering necessary Most tissues cannot regenerate when injured or diseased. Even tissues that can regenerate spontaneously may not completely do so in large defects(eg, bone). Replacement of tissue with permanent implants is greatly limited
TISSUE ENGINEERING TISSUE ENGINEERING What is tissue engineering? What is tissue engineering? • Production of tissue Production of tissue in vitro in vitro by growing cells by growing cells in porous, absorbable scaffolds (matrices). in porous, absorbable scaffolds (matrices). Why is tissue engineering necessary? Why is tissue engineering necessary? • Most tissues cannot regenerate when Most tissues cannot regenerate when injured or diseased. injured or diseased. • Even tissues that can regenerate Even tissues that can regenerate spontaneously may not completely do so in spontaneously may not completely do so in large defects ( large defects (e.g., bone). ., bone). • Replacement of tissue with permanent Replacement of tissue with permanent implants is greatly limited. implants is greatly limited
TISSUE ENGINEERING Problems with tissue engineering Most tissues cannot yet be produced by tissue engineering (ie, in vitro). Implantation of tissues produced in vitro may not remodel in vivo and may not become integrated with(bonded to) host tissue in the body. Solution Use of implants to facilitate formation regeneration) of tissue in vivo. Regenerative medicine Scaffold-based regenerative medicine
TISSUE ENGINEERING TISSUE ENGINEERING Problems with Tissue Engineering Problems with Tissue Engineering • Most tissues cannot yet be produced by Most tissues cannot yet be produced by tissue engineering ( tissue engineering (i.e., in vitro in vitro). • Implantation of tissues produced Implantation of tissues produced in vitro in vitro may not remodel may not remodel in vivo in vivo and may not and may not become integrated with (bonded to) host become integrated with (bonded to) host tissue in the body. tissue in the body. Solution Solution • Use of implants to facilitate formation Use of implants to facilitate formation (regeneration) of tissue (regeneration) of tissue in vivo. in vivo. – “Regenerative Medicine” “Regenerative Medicine” – Scaffold Scaffold -based regenerative medicine based regenerative medicine