I. Differences and relations Between wtoand gatt OGATT lives on as"GATT 1994", the amended and up-dated version of gatt1947, which is an in tegral(构成整体所需要的 part of the Wto agreement and which continues to provide the key disciplines affecting international trade in goods. lI Nature .The World Trade Organization (wTO) is the international organization dealing with the rul des of trade between nations The WTo agreements are negotiated and signed by the bulk of the world's trading nations and ratified in their parlia ments. They are part of international law Its a rules-based, member-driven organ ization - all decisions are made by the member govern ments, and the rules are the outcome of negotiations among members. .It has international legal personality. The organization and its officials have some rights ofimmunity ⅣV. Objectives 1. To raise standards of living为了提高生活水平 2 To ensure full employment保证充分就业 .3. Growing volume of real income and effective demand .4 Expanding the production of and trade in goods services t 大生产和贸易 .5.Sustainable development and environmental protection tRy 和维护环境,寻求对世界资源的最佳利用,实现可持续发展的目 标, 6 Developing countries保证发展中国家、特别是最不发达国家 “在国际贸易增长中获得与其经济发展需要相当的份额”。 ˉback V Main functions 1. Implemen tation, administration and operation of the covered agreements各项贸易协议的履行、管理和实施 2. Forum for negotiations 发择谈判论坛的作用 3. Dispute settlement 4. Review of national trade policies
6 Ⅱ. Differences and Relations Between WTO and GATT •GATT lives on as “GATT 1994”, the amended and up-dated version of GATT 1947, which is an integral(构成整体所需要的） part of the WTO Agreement and which continues to provide the key disciplines affecting international trade in goods. Ⅲ. Nature •The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations. •The WTO agreements are negotiated and signed by the bulk of the world’s trading nations and ratified in their parliaments. They are part of international law. •It’ s a rules-based, member-driven organization — all decisions are made by the member governments, and the rules are the outcome of negotiations among members. •It has international legal personality. The organization and its officials have some rights of immunity. Ⅳ. Objectives •1.To raise standards of living 为了提高生活水平 •2.To ensure full employment 保证充分就业 •3.Growing volume of real income and effective demand •4.Expanding the production of and trade in goods & services 扩 大生产和贸易 •5.Sustainable development and environmental protection 保护 和维护环境，寻求对世界资源的最佳利用，实现可持续发展的目 标， •6.Developing countries 保证发展中国家、特别是最不发达国家 “在国际贸易增长中获得与其经济发展需要相当的份额”。 •back Ⅴ. Main functions •1.Implementation, administration and operation of the covered agreements 各项贸易协议的履行、管理和实施。 • 2.Forum for negotiations •发挥谈判论坛的作用 • 3.Dispute settlement • 4.Review of national trade policies
5. Coherence in global economic policy-making V Main functions 1. Implemen tation, administration and operation of the covered agreemen ats The Wto facilitates the implementation, administration and operation of the WTO Agreement and the multilateral trade Agreements, and furthers their objectives. It also provides the framework, for those of its Members that have accepted them, for the implemen tation, ad ministration and operation of the Plurilateral Trade agreements v Main functions 2 Forum for negotiations .The wto provides the forum for negotia tions on multilateral trade relations in matters covered by its various agreement It may also, on decision by the Ministerial Conference, provide a forum for further negotiations and a framework for the implementation of their results, on other issues arising in the multilateral trade relations among its members. V Main functions 3. Dispute settlement .The WTo administers the dispute settlement system, which is a central element in providing security and predictability to the multilateral trading system, serving to preserve the rights and obligations of the members of the wto. V Main functions .4. Review of national trade policies .The wto administers the Trade policy review Mechanism, which is designed to contribute to greater transparency and understanding of the trade policies and practices of wto Members, to their improved adherence to the rules, discip lines and commitments of the multilateral trading system, and hence to the smoother functioning of the system V Main functions .5.Coherence in global economic policy-making A Ministerial Declaration adopted at the marrakesh ministerial
7 • 5.Coherence in global economic policy-making Ⅴ. Main functions •1.Implementation, administration and operation of the covered agreements •The WTO facilitates the implementation, administration and operation of the WTO Agreement and the Multilateral Trade Agreements, and furthers their objectives. It also provides the framework, for those of its Members that have accepted them, for the implementation, administration and operation of the Plurilateral Trade Agreements. Ⅴ. Main functions •2.Forum for negotiations •The WTO provides the forum for negotiations on multilateral trade relations in matters covered by its various agreements. •It may also, on decision by the Ministerial Conference, provide a forum for further negotiations, and a framework for the implementation of their results, on other issues arising in the multilateral trade relations among its Members. Ⅴ. Main functions •3.Dispute settlement •The WTO administers the dispute settlement system, which is a central element in providing security and predictability to the multilateral trading system, serving to preserve the rights and obligations of the Members of the WTO. Ⅴ. Main functions •4.Review of national trade policies •The WTO administers the Trade Policy Review Mechanism, which is designed to contribute to greater transparency and understanding of the trade policies and practices of WTO Members, to their improved adherence to the rules, disciplines and commitments of the multilateral trading system, and hence to the smoother functioning of the system. Ⅴ. Main functions •5.Coherence in global economic policy-making •A Ministerial Declaration adopted at the Marrakesh Ministerial