第十章减词法 Economy of Expressions Concision is the Sign of English Maturity 简约是英语成熟的标志
第十章 减词法 Economy of Expressions Concision is the Sign of English Maturity 简约是英语成熟的标志
完备形制，隐现词语 ■ 1由于受许多变量的影响，这种问题很难通过几次 运算就能简化. Affected by a great number of variables,the problem is difficult to be simplified through several operations. ■2蔷薇哟，我虽然不能供养尼以春酒，但我要供养你 以清洁的流泉，清洁的素心.（郭沫若《路畔的蔷 薇》) ■ Oh dear roses,though unable to treat you to spring wine,I could offer you limpid spring water and my sincere pure heart.(Tr.Zhang Peiji) ■3要是下三天的雨，难道我就在这儿住三天不成？ Am I to stay here for three days it rains that long?
一 完备形制,隐现词语 ◼ 1 由于受许多变量的影响,这种问题很难通过几次 运算就能简化. ◼ Affected by a great number of variables, the problem is difficult to be simplified through several operations. ◼ 2 蔷薇哟,我虽然不能供养尼以春酒,但我要供养你 以清洁的流泉,清洁的素心. (郭沫若《路畔的蔷 薇》) ◼ Oh dear roses, though unable to treat you to spring wine, I could offer you limpid spring water and my sincere pure heart. (Tr. Zhang Peiji) ◼ 3要是下三天的雨,难道我就在这儿住三天不成? ◼ Am I to stay here for three days it rains that long?
4调动人民积极性的最中心的环节还是发展生产力， 提高人民的生活水平生产力发展了，人民积极性调动 起来了社会主义国家的力量就增强了，社会主义制度 就巩固了.(《邓小平文选》 ■ The chief purpose of mobilizing the people's initiative is to develop the productive forces and raise living standards.This in turn will help increase the strength of our socialist country and consolidate the socialist system. ■ 5我孙子是这个城市的市长，他小时候是个调皮蛋， ■ My grandson,once a naughty boy in his childhood,is now mayor of this city. 6我们确定搞两个开放：一个是对内开放；一个是对外 开放. We have decided on an open policy in two aspects: internally and externally. ■ 7这个办公室里有十位工作人员，而那个办公室里有十 六位工作人员. There are 10 workers in this office,16 in that
◼ 4 调动人民积极性的最中心的环节,还是发展生产力, 提高人民的生活水平.生产力发展了,人民积极性调动 起来了,社会主义国家的力量就增强了,社会主义制度 就巩固了. (《邓小平文选》 ◼ The chief purpose of mobilizing the people’s initiative is to develop the productive forces and raise living standards. This in turn will help increase the strength of our socialist country and consolidate the socialist system. ◼ 5 我孙子是这个城市的市长,他小时候是个调皮蛋. ◼ My grandson, once a naughty boy in his childhood, is now mayor of this city. ◼ 6 我们确定搞两个开放:一个是对内开放;一个是对外 开放. ◼ We have decided on an open policy in two aspects: internally and externally. ◼ 7 这个办公室里有十位工作人员,而那个办公室里有十 六位工作人员. ◼ There are 10 workers in this office, 16 in that
二 汉语中不少名词如：情况情景观点，面貌，发展，质量事业，工 作，问题，态度等有时具有具体意义，有时没有，或具体意义含义不 多.在后者情况下，可以不译泽 ■1她的朋友们听到她家中的困难情况后都主动伸出援助之手 After her friends heard about her family difficulties,they offered a helping hand. ■2师生关系愈好，就愈有利于教学质量的提高： The closer relations between teachers and students,the more chances for improving teaching. ■ 3我鲜明地记得和周总理第一次见面的情景。 I still remember clearly my first meeting with Premier Zhou Enlai. ■ 4迅速改变我国贫穷落后的面貌，是我国各族人民的强烈愿望 It is the burning desire of all the peoples to end our country's poverty and backwardness quickly. ■5我们已经结束了文化大革命时期的社会动乱和纷扰不安的局面. We have put an end to the social unrest and upheaval during that period of the Cultural Revolution. ■6无数革命先烈为中国的革命事业献出了生命. ■ Countless martyrs have laid down their lives for the Chinese revolution. ■ 7前怕狼后怕虎的态度造就不出干部. Fearing wolves ahead and tigers behind will not make a cadre
二 汉语中不少名词如:情况,情景,观点,面貌,发展,质量,事业,工 作,问题,态度等有时具有具体意义,有时没有,或具体意义含义不 多.在后者情况下,可以不译. ◼ 1她的朋友们听到她家中的困难情况后都主动伸出援助之手. ◼ After her friends heard about her family difficulties, they offered a helping hand. ◼ 2 师生关系愈好,就愈有利于教学质量的提高. ◼ The closer relations between teachers and students, the more chances for improving teaching. ◼ 3我鲜明地记得和周总理第一次见面的情景. ◼ I still remember clearly my first meeting with Premier Zhou Enlai. ◼ 4 迅速改变我国贫穷落后的面貌,是我国各族人民的强烈愿望. ◼ It is the burning desire of all the peoples to end our country’s poverty and backwardness quickly. ◼ 5 我们已经结束了文化大革命时期的社会动乱和纷扰不安的局面. ◼ We have put an end to the social unrest and upheaval during that period of the Cultural Revolution. ◼ 6 无数革命先烈为中国的革命事业献出了生命. ◼ Countless martyrs have laid down their lives for the Chinese revolution. ◼ 7 前怕狼后怕虎的态度造就不出干部. ◼ Fearing wolves ahead and tigers behind will not make a cadre
三汉英罗嗦简明转换 1进一步开展节约能源的宣传，努力提高全社会节能意 识. The idea of saving energy should be promoted to the general public.(有些措词出于考虑行文对称的需要，并 无多大实际意义) ■2市政府正式禁止在公共场所吸烟. ■ Smoking in public is prohibited by the city government ■ (prohibit本身就是“正式禁止”之意)当然，这与汉，英 文字的组合方式有一定的关系.汉语文字是单音节的， “每一个语词只代表一个单纯的观念”，而英语是拼音组 合文字，“往往有同一语词中包含有很多的观念”（方士 铎《中国语言的特点极其对中国文学之影响》，1990)， 而我们在翻译时却常常按汉语的思维行事，导致译文文
三 汉英罗嗦简明转换 1 进一步开展节约能源的宣传,努力提高全社会节能意 识. ◼ The idea of saving energy should be promoted to the general public. (有些措词出于考虑行文对称的需要,并 无多大实际意义) ◼ 2 市政府正式禁止在公共场所吸烟. ◼ Smoking in public is prohibited by the city government. ◼ (prohibit本身就是 “正式禁止”之意) 当然,这与汉,英 文字的组合方式有一定的关系. 汉语文字是单音节的, “每一个语词只代表一个单纯的观念” , 而英语是拼音组 合文字, “往往有同一语词中包含有很多的观念” (方士 铎《中国语言的特点极其对中国文学之影响》,1990), 而我们在翻译时却常常按汉语的思维行事,导致译文文 字堆砌