一、食品化学的概念 二、发展过程 三、理论体系特点 四、学习方法

一、 概述 二、 食品中的单糖类化合物 三、 食品中的低聚糖类化合物 四、 食品中的多糖类化合物

The continuous-flow heat process is a thermal heat-hold-cool process where the foodstuff to be treated is pumped in continuous flow through heat exchanger systems where it is heated to a desired temperature, held at that temperature for a pre-determined time, then cooled to around ambient temperature. After heat treatment, the product is then packaged in an appropriate manner. This process

Food quality, including colour, texture, flavour and nutritional value, is of key importance in the context of food preservation and processing. Colour, texture and flavour refer to consumption quality, purchase and product acceptability whereas the nutritive values (i.e. vitamin content, nutrients, minerals, health￾related food components) refer to hidden quality aspects. In conventional thermal processing, process optimisation consists of reducing the severity of the thermal process in terms of food quality destruction without compromising food safety

Introduction: the principles of infrared heating Sir William Herschel discovered infrared – or heat radiation – in the 1800s when he was attempting to determine the part of the visible spectrum with the minimum associated heat in connection with the astronomical observations he was making

Preventing the loss of vitamins and nutrients in foods is a paramount concern at all stages of food processing involving heating. One example of the critical need for retaining vitamins is to nourish hospital patients who require vitamins to recover from the stress of illness or surgery.1 This issue has invoked recent studies

Generally, the effects of microwave energy can be classified as either ‘macro￾scopic’ or ‘microscopic’. When the energy is used for heating food the effect is macroscopic and results in a specific heating pattern. However, the causes of certain features are due to microscopic effects, i.e. to physics at the atomic level

‘Genetically modified food’ has become the object of a heated debate by con￾sumer activists and replaced irradiation’s leading role as a target. In this debate the term irradiation is frequently confused with radioactive contamination, espe￾cially after the Chernobyl accident. The allegation is made that the nuclear indus￾try needs food irradiation badly in order to find some use for the waste from

Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) may be defined as ‘the enclosure of food products in gas-barrier materials, in which the gaseous environment has been changed’ (Young et al, 1988). Because of its substantial shelf-life extending effect, MAP has been one of the most significant and innovative growth areas in retail food packaging over the past two decades. The potential advantages and disadvantages of MAP have been presented by both Farber (1991) and Parry (1993), and summarised by Davies (1995) in Table 16.1

The modern frozen food industry was started by Clarence Birdseye in America in 1925. As a fur trader in Labrador Birdseye had noticed that fillets of fish left by the natives to freeze rapidly in arctic winters retained the taste and texture attrib￾utes of fresh fish better than fillets frozen in milder temperatures at other times of the year. Frozen foods were available before Birdseye’s pioneering innovations, but they were of poor and uncertain quality. Birdseye’s insight was that speed of freezing is crucial to retain quality and he was the first to develop machinery