Biparental complete mole: Maternal and paternalgenes are present but failure of maternalimprinting causes only the paternal genome tobeexpressed.3 The biparental complete mole is rare.A recurrent form of biparental mole, which isfamilial and appears to be inherited as anautosomal recessive trait, has been described. Al-Hussaini describes a series of 5 women withasmany as 9 consecutive molar pregnancies.4,5*A candidate region of chromosomearm 19q13.4hasbeenidentified
11 ❖Biparental complete mole: Maternal and paternal genes are present but failure of maternal imprinting causes only the paternal genome to be expressed.3 ❖The biparental complete mole is rare. ❖A recurrent form of biparental mole, which is familial and appears to be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, has been described. AlHussaini describes a series of 5 women with as many as 9 consecutive molar pregnancies.4,5 ❖A candidate region of chromosome arm 19q13.4 has been identified
EndoreduplicationEmpty23X23X46XXovumHomozygous23XEmpty46XX十ovum23XHeterozygous23XEmpty+46XYovum23Y46YYNon-viable gamete12
12
EtiologyEtiology of incomplete hydatidiform molethe morbidity of incomplete mole is muchlower than that of the complete type, and itis not associated with age. Genetic factors: chromosome karyotype of90% incomplete mole is triploid. The mostischromosomekaryotypecommon69XXY,and thenis 69XXX or69XYY.13
13 Etiology ❖Etiology of incomplete hydatidiform mole the morbidity of incomplete mole is much lower than that of the complete type, and it is not associated with age. Genetic factors: chromosome karyotype of 90% incomplete mole is triploid. The most common chromosome karyotype is 69XXY,and then is 69XXX or 69XYY
23X23X69XXX+V23X23Y23X69XYY23Y23X23X69XXY423Y69YYYNon-viable gamete14
14
FrequencyUnited StatesBy studying elective pregnancyterminations, hydatidiform moles weredetermined to occur in approximately 1 in1200pregnancies15
15 Frequency ❖United States ❖By studying elective pregnancy terminations, hydatidiform moles were determined to occur in approximately 1 in 1200 pregnancies