premature/'prirmatfal1donetoosoonortooearly（做事）过早的，过快的，草率的，仓促的，不成a.熟的2happeningtoosoonorbeforetheusualtime过早的：提早的3（ofababy）bornbeforeitshouldbe（婴儿）早产的surpass/sa'pars/beevenbetterorgreaterthan sb.orsth.else超过；胜过t.premise 'premis/1 [C] (fml.)a principle or statement that you consider to be true,that youn.baseotherideas andactions on前提2(~s)[pl.] the building and land that a business or organization uses（企业或组织使用的）房屋及土地，经营场所tactic 'taktrk/[C,usu.pl.]aparticularmethodorplanforachievingsth.方法；策略；手法n.flatter/'flaetalvt.praise sb.in ordertogetsth.youwant,esp.ina waythatisnot sincere奉承阿诀；向·谄媚flatteryflaetaril[U] praise that is not sincere but is intended to get you sth.that you wantn.恭维：奉承：阿诀：谄媚discern /dr's3:n/1(fml.)notice sth.,esp.afterthinking about it carefullyor studying it(尤ut.指仔细思考或研究之后）看出，觉察出，辨明2seeorhear sth.,esp.sth.that isfarawayornot veryclear看到；听到；辨认出crumble/"krambl/vi.stopexistingorbeingeffective崩渍；瓦解；消失breaksth.intoverysmall pieces,orbebrokenintoverysmall pieces弄碎；V-（使）成碎屑flare/flea/(also=up）1suddenlybecomeangryorviolent突然发怒：突然爆发vi.2suddenlyburnorshinebrightly突然烧旺：闪罐3becomeworse恶化；加剧proposition /prppa'zifn/[C]1anofferorsuggestion,esp.involvingbusinessorpolitics（尤指涉及商业或政治的）提议，建议2 a statement that people can examine in order to decide whether it is true主张：观点：见解[Cl 1 sb.who writes or signs a written request that asks sb.in authority topetitioner/pa'tufna/n.do sth.请愿人；请求者2 sb.who gives a court an official document in which they ask it to takelegalaction起诉人：（向法院）提出申请者(alsoax)1(the)a situation in whicha government,a company,oranaxe/aks/t.organization decides to end sth.orto get rid ofa workeror their job撒销：取消：解雇2 [C] a tool used for cutting down trees and cutting up large pieces ofwood,consistingof a long woodenhandleanda heavymetal blade爷；斧头；长柄斧1 (ofaperson)goodat inventing things and solvingproblems in new waysingenious/in'dsi:nias/a.（人）有独创性的2(ofamachine,plan,etc.)cleverlymadeandwell suited to its purpose(设备或计划等）别出心裁的，构思巧妙的1havinglarge,strongmuscles肌肉发达的：强壮的muscular/'maskjola/a.2relatingtomuscles肌肉的New Horizon College English Third Edition8
retort/rr'to:t/replyimmediately in an angry or humorous wayto sth.that sb.has said反vt.驳：回嘴drip /drip/(letliquid)fallindrops滴（水）；漏（水）U.1[sing.]thesoundoractionofa liquidfallingindrops滴答声；滴水声；n.滴下2[C] oneofthesmalldropsof liquidthatfallfrom sth.液滴sarcasm/'sa:kaez(a)m/[U] the activity of saying orwriting the opposite ofwhat you mean,orn.speaking in a way intended to make sb.else feel stupid or show them thatyouareangry讽刺；嘲笑；挖苦disclosure/drs'klou30/[C,U]asecretthatsb.tellspeopleortheactoftellingthissecret被公开的n.秘密：公开：透露；披露Phrases and expressionsmake a pactreachanagreement约好；达成协议in exchangeforgiving one thing and receiving another (esp,of the same type or value) inreturn作为（对的）交换（或替代）set a date forchooseaparticulardayforsth.为定日期1 try to get sb.to do or accept sth.by making them think it is a sensible orappealtofairthingtodo诉诸：唤起2have a characterthatmakes a particular person interested; attract 吸l;感染makeacomparisonbetween（sth.andsth.else)在之间作类比make / draw an analogy betweenchangeapersonorthing intosth.else便变成.make sth.out of sb./ sth.1endarelationshipabruptly抛弃（恋人等）：和某人一刀两断give sb, the axe2dismisssb.fromtheirjob解雇某人：开除某人containorbecoveredinalotofsth.满是；充满/充溢.be dripping with sth.Proper names罗伯（人名）Rob/rob/波莉（人名）Polly /'ppli/绝对判断（逻辑学术语）Dicto Simpliciter/'dikta sim,plisita(r)草率结论（逻辑学术语）Hasty/hersti/Generalization文不对题（逻辑学术语）AdMisericordiam/,mizarr'kodrom/错误类比（逻辑学术语）False Analogy/s'nelodsi/9UNIT1Lifeand logic
Reading comprehensionLanguage focusWords in use3Fill intheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Change the form where necessary.Eachword can beused only once.shrewdradiantdiscernstumpconversionsurpasspropositionUnderstanding the textcrumbleingeniousdistort1Answerthefollowingquestions.,the1 As the gender barriers1 What is the deal between the narrator and hisnumber of women working as lawyers,roommate,Rob? Why do they make the deal?doctors,orbankers began to increase2Why does the narrator want to have asignificantly from the mid-20th century.beautiful and well-spoken girifriend?2 With the data collected each year, the owner3 When the narrator and Polly havetheirfirstof theshop cancustomer trendsdate, the narrator says that what he has got inand how things likeweather and economicmind is a little eccentric. Why?indicators affect sales performance.4Whydoesthe narratordecidetoteachPolly3 His supervisor pushes and motivates him insuch a positive manner that he is not onlylogic?able toreachbuttohispersonal5 Howdoes Pollyrespondto the narratorgoals.when heteaches her logic?What effectdoherbusiness4 Heisamanwitha(n)responses create?sense.He has built his initial investment into a6 Is the narrator successful in teaching Pollysubstantial and evenexcessivelylargefortunelogic?Howdo youknow?The5.of nuclearradiation directly7 Why does the narrator say"You know theinto electricity was an exciting possibilitythings you learn in school don't have anythingthat was being vigorously explored in manyto do with real life" (Para.36)?laboratoriesinthe195Os8 In what sense is the end of the story ironic?6I was not only shocked but also disgustedthat the report tried tothescientific facts in such a manner that evenCritical thinkingsomehighly-educated peoplewere fooled.2Work in pairs and discuss the following7Sixty-two and blessed withhismother'squestions.skin,thefisherman had withstood a lifetime1 How would you describe the three charactersof exposureto thesun andlooked asin the story of Text A:the narrator,Rob,andasa man in his forties8 French educator Louis Braille invented aPolly? Why?simplebutcodewhichhas2 What logical fallacy is included in the storyhad an impact on the lives of generations ofitself? Why do you think so?people who are blind.3 What does the story tell us about love? And9 The senators didn't expect us to ask such toughwhat does it tell us about smart people?questions,andwhenwefinallydid,theygot4 Should Logic be taught as a compulsoryand didn't know what to say.course in school? Why do you think so?10Thisnewlyestablisheduniversitysupports5 Can you think of a logical fallacy you havethethat a more diverse highercommitted? Why is it a fallacy and whateducationsystemis desirablesinceitwouldcaused it?enhance opportunities for lifelong learning.New Horizon College English Third Edition10
Word buildingThesuffix-cy combineswith adjectives,andoccasionallywith nouns,toformnewnouns.Nouns formed in this wayreferto the state,quality,or experiencedescribed by theadjective.Thesuffix-cyalso combines withnouns thatrefertopeoplewitha particularrank,position,or occupation in orderto form new nouns.Nouns formed in this wayreferdirectlytothatrank,position,oroccupation.Afinaltorteisreplacedby-cybutoccasionallythefinal t isretainedbeforeadding-cyExamplesWords learnedAdd-cyNewwords formedfrequentYfrequency→accurateaccuracyYconsistentconsistency→bureaucratbureaucracyThe suffix-ic combines with nouns to form adjectives.Adjectives formed in this waydescribe something as resembling,involving,orbeing connected with thethingreferredtobytheoriginal nounExamplesAdd-icWords learnedNewwords formedartisticartist1chaoschaotic-→The suffix-y combines with nouns to form adjectives.Adjectives formed in this wayexpress theidea thatsomething or someoneis similartooris characterized bythethingthe noun refers to.A final e is replaced byy.The suffix-y also combines with someverbs toformnouns whichreferto an action,situation,orstate.ExamplesWords learnedAdd-yNewwordsformeddustydust→hastyhasteYdeliverydeliver→recoveryrecover11UNIT1Lifeand logic
4Add-cy,-ic,or-ytoorremovethemfrom5Fill intheblanks withthenewly-formedthefollowingwords toform new wordswords inActivity4.Changetheformwherenecessary.Each word can beused only once.1 Contrary to the predictions of some localWords learnedNewwordsformedeconomists,who alwayswarned thathigherwagesandbenefits would lead to slower-oygrowthandbusinessthesepolicies had exactly theopposite effect.delicateThere are growing concerns about the climate2effects,suchasmeltingicecaps,droughts,floods,etc.,due to risingbankruptgreenhouse gas concentrations.3 Long considered one of the greataccountantgooselivermostcommonlyappears on the menu of French dishes in highendrestaurants.secretFor the sake of the world's future prosperity4and for its elimination of hunger and disease,reforms and innovations must be pursuedvacantwith5 Manysmartpeoplebecameaccountantsinstead of scientists because the science theyurgentwere exposed to in school madeseemmore attractiveby comparison.-icDespite the deepening economic6he believes automobile sales will likely growvigorously over the next three years as longatmosphereas loan interest rates remain low.7 The nearby high-tech park helps themagneticfor someuniversity become a(n)of the mostambitious young business mindsfrom around the country.metal8 Photographs of this quality are rare amongUFO photographs, but in this particularshot you can clearly see a disc-shaped-yobject.9 Since the scope of agriculture is wide,thegloomyadministrators and information personnelinvolved in it must have a goodof the field.guilty10 Employers decidetocreatea(n)only when the expected profit of a filled jobmasterexceedsthehiring costsforanewemployee11 Parentsoftensufferdeepfeelingsofif their children fail to succeed,or don't turn into responsibleand law-abiding members of society.12 I respect the need forataparticular point in family lifeButIdobelieve thatfamily members do better whenthey can speak openly about things thatreally matter.12New Horizon College English Third Edition