上充通大学 Shanghai Jiao Tong University Lecture 4-1 Nutrition,Laboratory Culture and Metabolism of Microorganisms CHAPTER 4 iness BROCK BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS AO TONG Zhao Liping,Chen Feng School of Life Science and Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Lecture 4-1 Nutrition, Laboratory Culture and Metabolism of Microorganisms Zhao Liping, Chen Feng School of Life Science and Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University CHAPTER 4 in BROCK BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS
上泽充通大学 Shanghai Jiao Tong University What does a cell need to be a successful chemical machine? The cell needs energy Chemical transformations ·Movement The cell needs building materials Precursors for monomers Growth factors etc. ae Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Shanghai Jiao Tong University What does a cell need to be a successful chemical machine? The cell needs energy • Chemical transformations • Movement The cell needs building materials • Precursors for monomers • Growth factors etc
上泽充通大￥ Shanghai Jiao Tong University I.Nutrition and Culture of Microorganisms A key feature of cells is their ability to direct chemical reactions and organize molecules into specific structures:metabolism. © Metabolic reactions are either energy releasing, called catabolic reactions,or energy requiring. called anabolic reactions.代谢包括了异化作用 (释放能量)和同化作用（需要能量）两种. Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Shanghai Jiao Tong University I. Nutrition and Culture of Microorganisms A key feature of cells is their ability to direct chemical reactions and organize molecules into specific structures: metabolism. Metabolic reactions are either energy releasing, called catabolic reactions, or energy requiring, called anabolic reactions.代谢包括了异化作用 (释放能量)和同化作用(需要能量)两种
上泽充通大￥ Shanghai Jiao Tong University 4.1 Microbial Nutrition Many prokaryotes require an organic compound as carbon source..Some prokaryotes are autotrophs自养型，use CO2 as C source. Nitrogen氮 A typical bacterial cell is about 12%nitrogen (by dry weight) Nitrogen is an important element in proteins,nucleic acids, and several other constituents in the cell. Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Shanghai Jiao Tong University 4.1 Microbial Nutrition Carbon碳 • Many prokaryotes require an organic compound as carbon source. Some prokaryotes are autotrophs自养型, use CO2 as C source. Nitrogen氮 • A typical bacterial cell is about 12% nitrogen (by dry weight) • Nitrogen is an important element in proteins, nucleic acids, and several other constituents in the cell
Other Macronutrients: ·Phosphorus磷：is required for synthesis of nucleic acids and phospholipids. o Sulfur:is required in amino acids cysteine and methionine, and present in a number of vitamins and coenzyme A. ·Potassium钾：required by enzymes,including those involved in protein synthesis. o Magnesium:stabilize ribosomes,cell membranes,and nucleic acids and is also required for the activity of many enzymes. e Calcium:stabilize cell wall and plays a key role in the heat stability of endospores.Is not essential for the growth of many microorganisms. ·Sodium钠：required by some organisms.Its needs often reflects the habitat of the organism
Other Macronutrients: • Phosphorus磷: is required for synthesis of nucleic acids and phospholipids. • Sulfur硫: is required in amino acids cysteine and methionine, and present in a number of vitamins and coenzyme A. • Potassium钾: required by enzymes, including those involved in protein synthesis. • Magnesium镁: stabilize ribosomes, cell membranes, and nucleic acids and is also required for the activity of many enzymes. • Calcium钙: stabilize cell wall and plays a key role in the heat stability of endospores. Is not essential for the growth of many microorganisms. • Sodium钠: required by some organisms. Its needs often reflects the habitat of the organism