WuhanUniversityofTechnologyDepartmentofSpatial InformationandPlanningSchoolofResourcesandEnvironmentEngineeringTrackingfluvialsediment sourcesthroughthe lanthanide tracesExperimental methodappliedontheJiuriverbasin(Romania)GabrielaAdinaMOROSANU-MITOSERIUInstituteofGeographyoftheRomanianAcademy,Romaniagabriela.adina.m@gmail.com
Tracking fluvial sediment sources through the lanthanide traces. Experimental method applied on the Jiu river basin (Romania) Wuhan University of Technology Department of Spatial Information and Planning School of Resources and Environment Engineering Gabriela Adina MOROȘANU-MITOȘERIU Institute of Geography of the Romanian Academy, Romania gabriela.adina.m@gmail.com
→ContextVSediment sources analysis is a current scientific and practical concern, specificallyby river basin managers.This situationparticularly concerns thelatest implications in themanagement of European river basins,followingtheadoptionoftheWaterFrameworkDirective(WFD200o/6o/EC),whichpromotessourceareasassessmenttoexplainsedimentdynamicscontamination. Fine sediment sources analysis by means of geochemical tracing may ensure compliance with the Eu WaterDirective,particularly with its provisions concerning the prioritization and inclusion of measures for controlling themobilizationanddeliveryof riverinesedimentstotheDanubeRiver,akeyfluvialsystem in Europe.>ObjectivesofthestudyOverallaim:To identifythemostcontributing sub-catchmentsinterms of sediment sourceareas,byanalyzingcoalymatterfromthetwomaincoal basins(seeFigure1)andthe heavyminerals/rare earthscontent inthefinesediments ofthe JiuRiver.Specific objective relativeto thetoday'spresentation:Usethelanthanidesproportion inthefinesedimentsastracers
Objectives of the study 2 Overall aim: To identify the most contributing sub-catchments in terms of sediment source areas, by analyzing coaly matter from the two main coal basins (see Figure 1) and the heavy minerals / rare earths content in the fine sediments of the Jiu River. Specific objective relative to the today’s presentation: Use the lanthanides proportion in the fine sediments as tracers. Context Sediment sources analysis is a current scientific and practical concern, specifically by river basin managers. This situation particularly concerns the latest implications in the management of European river basins, following the adoption of the Water Framework Directive (WFD 2000/60/EC), which promotes source areas assessment to explain sediment dynamics contamination. Fine sediment sources analysis by means of geochemical tracing may ensure compliance with the EU Water Directive, particularly with its provisions concerning the prioritization and inclusion of measures for controlling the mobilization and delivery of riverine sediments to the Danube River, a key fluvial system in Europe
StudyareaN.0.0.092519mcm23m2132071910'0010°00°E20°0/0°E30*010°E177UkraineLegend168tazn159HungaryRep.oflJiuRiverBasinMoldovavRiversAlluvialdepositsona116Sampling:fromsourcetoalluvialdepositspointbarofthemain99Podari hydrometric station (h.s.)river(Jiu).Riverbank92Sampling locationsvertical profileat70Coal extractionareasPodarireachSerbiaElevations (m)DanubeMax:2544Bulgaria0102040Km200Km050100Morosanu,2019,2020Min:0
Alluvial deposits on a point bar of the main river (Jiu). Riverbank vertical profile at Podari reach 213 207 191 177 168 159 116 99 92 70 0 cm Morosanu, 2019, 2020 3
METHODOLOGY1.Sampling protocol:.Finesedimentsfromtheriverbeds(sourceintermediateareas)Alluvial layers'samplingfromthedownstreamriverbank (accumulationarea)JiuRiversamples(Jiuriverbedfromupstreamtodownstream&→2typeof locationsforL.B.R.B.alluvialdepositsonJiuRiverbank)theenvironmental(sediments) samplesyTributarysamples(fromtheriverbedsof Jiurivermaintributariesofnaturalandhumancontrolsofthegeochemicalbackground)V24samplesfromtheriverbeds (Jiuriverand itstributaries)11 samplescollected fromthealluvial layers of Jiu riverbankatPodarih.s.,downstream all thepossiblegeochemical sources +1referencesamplefromthebaseof thealluvialprofile2.Laboratoryanalysis:.Performed in the Geochemistry Laboratory of the Faculty of Mining,Petrosani University.The fraction with a densitygreater than2.8g/l was considered to be of interest and was isolated byadjusting(increasing)thedensityof the samplesolutionwithbromoformThesampleswerefirstdried intheoven(forabout24hin105°C).Theresultingmaterialwasthencrushedand sievedtotakeoutparticleslargerthan1mm.Elemental analyses(forboththescopeof studyingthetracesofheavymineralsandrareearths)wereperformedbyX-rayfluorescence (XRF)spectrometry(SREN15309:2007)onthe subsequent>2.8g/lfraction4
METHODOLOGY 4 1. Sampling protocol: • Fine sediments from the riverbeds (source intermediate areas) • Alluvial layers’ sampling from the downstream riverbank (accumulation area) → L.B. R.B. 2 type of locations for the environmental (sediments) samples 24 samples from the riverbeds (Jiu river and its tributaries) 11 samples collected from the alluvial layers of Jiu riverbank at Podari h.s., downstream all the possible geochemical sources + 1 reference sample from the base of the alluvial profile Jiu River samples (Jiu riverbed from upstream to downstream & alluvial deposits on Jiu Riverbank) Tributary samples (from the riverbeds of Jiu river main tributaries of natural and human controls of the geochemical background) 2. Laboratory analysis: • Performed in the Geochemistry Laboratory of the Faculty of Mining, Petroșani University. The fraction with a density greater than 2.8 g/l was considered to be of interest and was isolated by adjusting (increasing) the density of the sample solution with bromoform. • The samples were first dried in the oven (for about 24 h in 105°C). The resulting material was then crushed and sieved to take out particles larger than 1 mm. • Elemental analyses (for both the scope of studying the traces of heavy minerals and rare earths) were performed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry (SR EN 15309: 2007) on the subsequent >2.8 g/l fraction
HowdoesXRFwork?METHODOLOGY1-IncidentX-ray3-CharacteristicX-ray2-EjectedelectronMZn,KA'SPb,LAs'Pb.LBCu.KAobscrrN,KA025101Fe,KAi,KBh,KA43U9TKBrVAastFeBa,LAnCa KB6.57.87.518.8 18.511.e11.512.8 12.513.8 13.5.85.56.89.88.59.5Energy (keV)
METHODOLOGY Energy (keV) Occurrence / second