上游充通大 aminoglycosides SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY Common characters: Potent effect on Gram-bacteria,including Pseudomonas,Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ineffective against anaerobic bacteria Not absorbed orally Untoward effects:>5 days;high dose;elderly;renal insufficiency ototoxicity(2%-10%):vertigo(眩晕)，ataxia(共 济失调)，loss of banlance nephrotoxicity (6%-10%) neuromuscular blocking (co-administered with general analgesics or muscle relaxants)
aminoglycosides Common characters: ü Potent effect on Gram- bacteria, including Pseudomonas, Mycobacterium tuberculosis ü Ineffective against anaerobic bacteria ü Not absorbed orally ü Untoward effects: >5 days; high dose; elderly; renal insufficiency ototoxicity（2％-10％）: vertigo（眩晕）, ataxia（共 济失调）, loss of banlance nephrotoxicity（6％-10％） neuromuscular blocking (co-administered with general analgesics or muscle relaxants)
上泽充通大学 Toxicity SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY Their undesirable side effects:severe ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. 18 of 21 actress showing "qianshou guanyin"were caused deafness by aminoglycosides
Toxicity Their undesirable side effects: severe ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. 18 of 21 actress showing “qianshou guanyin” were caused deafness by aminoglycosides
上游充通大 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY A B C 78 9 10 11 2 3 12 4 5
上游充通大 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY anterior canal 小囊 Nerve Utricle 球囊 Saccule posterior canal horizontal canal Cochlea 耳蜗 水平半规管
耳蜗 球囊 小囊 水平半规管
上泽充通大学 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY 血管纹 Stria vascularis 前庭阶 Scala vestibuli 44 Scala media 中阶；蜗管 Ductus cochlearis 2b Limulus 6 10 Scala tympani 鼓阶
前庭阶 血管纹 鼓阶 中阶；蜗管