Tracheostomy
Tracheostomy
TRACHEOSTOMY>Asurgicalprocedureinwhichanopeningiscreated intheanteriorwall ofthetrachea>Tracheotomy/Tracheostomytemporarypermanent>Types:TemporaryvsPermanentEmergencyvsElective:High/mid/ low
TRACHEOSTOMY ➢ A surgical procedure in which an opening is created in the anterior wall of the trachea. ➢ Tracheotomy / Tracheostomy temporary permanent ➢ Types: Temporary vs Permanent : Emergency vs Elective : High / mid / low
Indications:Upperairwayobstruction:actual-FB,infection,absessallergy,injury,tumouranticipated-any major operationabove larynx
Indications: ➢ Upper airway obstruction : actual – FB, infection, absess, allergy,injury,tumour anticipated – any major operation above larynx
Indications:Upperairwayobstruction:actual-FB,infection,absess,allergy,injury,tumouranticipated-any majoroperation above larynx>Protectionoftracheobronchialtree:coma(head injury,drugoverdosage,CVA)Trauma (burns,facial fractures)Neurological diseases (polyneuritis,tetanusmyastheniagravis,bulbar palsy)>Ventilatory insufficiency:chestinjury(flail chest)pulmonary diseases (COPD,asthma,pneumonia)
Indications: ➢ Upper airway obstruction : actual – FB, infection, absess, allergy,injury,tumour anticipated – any major operation above larynx ➢ Protection of tracheobronchial tree : coma (head injury, drug overdosage,CVA) Trauma (burns, facial fractures) Neurological diseases (polyneuritis, tetanus, myasthenia gravis,bulbar palsy) ➢ Ventilatory insufficiency : chest injury (flail chest) pulmonary diseases (COPD, asthma, pneumonia)
BeneficialeffectsofTracheostomy>Lifesavingmeasure>70%reductionindeadspace>Bypassesresistancetoairflow>AlowSIPPV>Bronchialtoileting
Beneficial effects of Tracheostomy ➢ Life saving measure ➢ 70% reduction in dead space ➢ Bypasses resistance to airflow ➢ Alows IPPV ➢ Bronchial toileting