Nasal septum and its diseasesAnatomy1.Columellar septum: It is formed of columellacontaining the medial crura of alar cartilages unitedtogether by fibrous tissue and covered on either side byskin.2.Membranous septum: It consists of double layer ofskin with no bony or cartilaginous support .3.Septum proper: It consists of osteocartilaginousframework,covered with nasal mucous membrane
Anatomy 1.Columellar septum: It is formed of columella containing the medial crura of alar cartilages united together by fibrous tissue and covered on either side by skin. 2.Membranous septum: It consists of double layer of skin with no bony or cartilaginous support . 3.Septum proper: It consists of osteocartilaginous framework,covered with nasal mucous membrane. Nasal septum and its diseases
Nasal septum properMedial Nasal Wall[Septum]Bones and CartilagesSquama ofrontalCristagallofCribriformplateofethmoidboneethmoidboneFrontal sinus Cartilage of nasalPerpendicularplateofpalatineCrestofsphenoidboneSpineoffrontalboneBodyof sphenoidboneseptumSphenoidalsinusNasalboneMedial plate of pterygoid proces:(part of sphenoid bone)Vomer.Perpendicular plateLateralplateofpterygoicNasopaiatinegrooveorocesscpartofsphenoid bone)of ethmoid boneSeptal cartilageGreateralarBasilarpartorcartilage (medialoccipitalbone Vomer bonePharyngeal tuberclePerpendicularplate of ethmoidAnteriornasal-Nasal crestofpalatinebonespineofmaxillaPosteriornasalspineofpalatineNasal crestofmaxdllaLesserpalatineIncisivecanaf ofmaxillaGreater palatineforamenHorizontalplateofpalatinebonePalatine process ofmalla boneDCE-EIS
Nasal septum proper ◼ Cartilage of nasal septum ◼ Perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone ◼ Vomer bone
Deviation of nasal septum(DNS) This is an important cause of nasal obstructionAetiology:Trauma and errors of developmentfrom the two important factors in the causation ofdeviated septum.1.Trauma2.Developmentalerror3.Racial factors4.Hereditary factors
Deviation of nasal septum(DNS) ❑ This is an important cause of nasal obstruction Aetiology:Trauma and errors of development from the two important factors in the causation of deviated septum. 1.Trauma 2.Developmental error 3.Racial factors 4.Hereditary factors
Types of DNS1.Anterior dislocation: Septal cartilage may bedislocated into one of the nasal chambers2.C-shaped deformity: Septum is deviated in asimple curve to one side.3.S-shaped deformity: Septum may show a S-shaped curve either in vertical or anteroposteriorplane
Types of DNS 1.Anterior dislocation: Septal cartilage may be dislocated into one of the nasal chambers. 2.C-shaped deformity: Septum is deviated in a simple curve to one side. 3.S-shaped deformity: Septum may show a Sshaped curve either in vertical or anteroposterior plane
Types of DNS4.Spurs: A spur is a shelf-like projection often foundat the junction of bone and Cartilage.5.Thickening: It may be due to organisedhaematoma or over-riding of dislocated septalfragments
Types of DNS 4.Spurs: A spur is a shelf-like projection often found at the junction of bone and Cartilage. 5.Thickening: It may be due to organised haematoma or over-riding of dislocated septal fragments