上帝充通大学 Shanghai Jiao Tong University 14.8.1 Radioisotopes放射性同位素 ©Advantages When 1)very high sensitivity is required,or 2) turnover rates need to be determined,or 3)the fate of portions of a molecule need to be followed, radioisotopes are very useful. @Importance of a proper controli设置对照很重要 To exclude the possibility of chemical transformation排除化 学转化的可能性 ·Killed cell control采用死细胞为对照 ·4%formalin is commonly used.福尔马林 Microbiology.Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University 14.8.1 Radioisotopes 放射性同位素 Advantages • When 1) very high sensitivity is required, or 2) turnover rates need to be determined, or 3) the fate of portions of a molecule need to be followed, radioisotopes are very useful. Importance of a proper control设置对照很重要 • To exclude the possibility of chemical transformation排除化 学转化的可能性 • Killed cell control采用死细胞为对照 • 4% formalin is commonly used.福尔马林
上泽克通大学 Shanghai Jiao Tong University 14.8.2 Microelectrodes微电极 Microelectrodes for activities in microenvironments 用于微环境的活性测定 Measurements taken every 50-100um Chemical species that can be measured by electrodes pH 02 N,O(nitrous oxide) C02 、H2 ·H2S Microbiology.Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University 14.8.2 Microelectrodes 微电极 Microelectrodes for activities in microenvironments可 用于微环境的活性测定 • Measurements taken every 50–100mm Chemical species that can be measured by electrodes • pH • O2 • N2O (nitrous oxide) • CO2 • H2 • H2S
Figure 22.19 Gold Glass Platinum 5μm (a) Membranes Glass 50-100μm NO3 NO 2e1N20+H20→N2+2OH Bacteria Cathode Nutrient solution (b) 2012 Pearson Education,Inc
Figure 22.19 Gold Glass Platinum 5 mm Membranes Glass Bacteria Cathode Nutrient solution 50–100 mm NO3 N2O 2e 1 N2O H2O N2 2 OH © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc