theadrenergic agonistsI.overviewThe adrenergic drugs affect receptors thatare stimulated by norepinephrine orepinephrine. Some adrenergic drugs actdirectly on the adrenergic receptoradrenoceptor) by activating it and aresaid to be sympathomimetic
the adrenergic agonists I. overview The adrenergic drugs affect receptors that are stimulated by norepinephrine or epinephrine. Some adrenergic drugs act directly on the adrenergic receptor (adrenoceptor) by activating it and are said to be sympathomimetic
Direct-actingAlbuterol clonidinedobutaminedopamineEpinephine isoproterenol metaproterenolMethoxamine norepinephrine phenylephrineAdrenergicRitodrine terbutalineagonistsIndirect-actingAmphetaminetyramineDirectandindirectactingEphedrine metaraminol
Adrenergic agonists Direct-acting Albuterol clonidine dobutamine dopamine Epinephine isoproterenol metaproterenol Methoxamine norepinephrine phenylephrine Ritodrine terbutaline Indirect-acting Amphetamine tyramine Ephedrine metaraminol Direct and indirect acting
IIThe adrenergicneuronA.neurotransmission at adrenergic neurons:1.Synthesis ofnorepinephrine:DopaTyrosineDopaTyrosineDopaminehydroxylasedecarboxylasedopaminenorepinephrineepinephrineN-methyltransferaseβ-hydroxylase
1.Synthesis of norepinephrine: Tyrosine Dopa Tyrosine Dopa Dopamine hydroxylase decarboxylase dopamine norepinephrine epinephrine β- hydroxylase N-methyltransferase II. The adrenergic neuron A. neurotransmission at adrenergic neurons:
2.storage of norepinephrineinvesicles:Most of norepinephrine is packaged in vesicles3.releaseofnorepinephrine:an action potential reaches at the nerve ending,calciumchannels open, causing an increase in the concentration ofintracellular calcium.Elevated calcium levels promote the
2.storage of norepinephrine in vesicles: Most of norepinephrine is packaged in vesicles 3.release of norepinephrine : an action potential reaches at the nerve ending, calcium channels open, causing an increase in the concentration of intracellular calcium. Elevated calcium levels promote the
fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynapticmembrane and release of NA or AD into thesynapticcleft.4.Bindingtoreceptor:norepinephrine may bind to and activate anadrenergic receptor
fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane and release of NA or AD into the synaptic cleft. 4.Binding to receptor: norepinephrine may bind to and activate an adrenergic receptor