Mitochondrial Free Radical Theory of AgingJiangangLong,PH.DInstitute ofMitochondrialBiology andMedicineSchool of LifeScienceand TechnologyXi'anJiaotongUniversity
Mitochondrial Free Radical Theory of Aging Jiangang Long, PH.D. Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine School of Life Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University
Free Radical Theory of AgingKey points of the TheoryFree radicalsMt ROS and cellular defense systemEvidence supporting Mt aging theoryLeading edge of the Theory
Free Radical Theory of Aging ⚫ Key points of the Theory ⚫ Free radicals ⚫ Mt ROS and cellular defense system ⚫ Evidence supporting Mt aging theory ⚫ Leading edge of the Theory
Overview of agingtheoriesThere are a host of mechanistic theories, onereviewcounted200+Typically researchers studying one aspect ofaging would focus on an underlying aspect thatseemed responsible for aging in that tissue.and then theorize that this process isresponsible for other aspects of aging.Most theories were soon discarded--theydidn't have much explanatory power
• There are a host of mechanistic theories, one review counted 200+. • Typically researchers studying one aspect of aging would focus on an underlying aspect that seemed responsible for aging in that tissue, and then theorize that this process is responsible for other aspects of aging. • Most theories were soon discarded-they didn’t have much explanatory power. Overview of aging theories
程序化衰老理论和损伤衰老理论Procedural Aging Theory and Damage Aging TheoryThe programmed aging theory emphasizes the intrinsic gene-regulated biological clock.101）程序化长寿（ProgrammedLongevity）102）内分泌理论（EndocrineTheory）103）免疫理论（ImmunologicalTheory）。Damagetheoryfocusesonthedamagetoorganismscausedby external environment.101）损耗学说（Wearandteartheory）102)生命速率理论（Rateof livingtheory）103）交联理论（Cross-linkingtheory）104）自由基和线粒体理论（FreeradicalsandMitochondrialtheory105）体细胞DNA损伤理论（SomaticDNAdamagetheory）
程序化衰老理论和损伤衰老理论 Procedural Aging Theory and Damage Aging Theory ⚫ The programmed aging theory emphasizes the intrinsic generegulated biological clock. 1) 程序化长寿（Programmed Longevity） 2) 内分泌理论（Endocrine Theory） 3) 免疫理论（Immunological Theory）。 ⚫ Damage theory focuses on the damage to organisms caused by external environment. 1) 损耗学说（Wear and tear theory） 2)生命速率 理论（Rate of living theory） 3) 交联理论（Cross-linking theory） 4) 自由基和线粒体理论（Free radicals and Mitochondrial theory） 5) 体细胞DNA损伤理论（Somatic DNA damage theory）
OverviewofAgingTheoriesTelomere Theory/ Telomeres (structures at the ends of chromosomes).Shorten with each successive cell division. ShortenedtertherCissuescello notpplestSVDr.ElizabethBlackburnTelomere (in yellow)
⚫ Telomere Theory ✓Telomeres (structures at the ends of chromosomes). ✓Shorten with each successive cell division. Shortened telomeres activate a mechanism that prevents further cell multiplication. ✓This may be an important mechanism of ageing in tissues like bone marrow and the arterial lining where active cell division is necessary. ✓Importantly though, mice lacking telomerase do not show a dramatically reduced lifespan, as the simplest version of this theory would predict. Overview of Aging Theories Dr.Elizabeth Blackburn Telomere (in yellow)