CELL DIVISION AND THE CELL CYCLE NTERPHASE INTERPHASE 2. Mitosis CYTOK NESIS PROPHASE 围 TELOPHASE PROMETAPHASE 国 ANAPHASE国 METAPHASE M PHASE dfa col nto to daugEr ecture in h M T到me的nhpa acal ha bea a phatagraphtd whm wtwhohe M ogeter with ordinul we Josctitwd la w panl 1PROPHASE Apna以 d5c0n经.Ous 作u, the itot san enery cetme reMdrasworpsnedaarmana, cmBawaef PROMETAPHASE strappy with tnt 距的 1D4
2. Mitosis
METAPASE 起作a的te 速9 ANAPHASE At raphae Ie asler chemica svnneonoJy comate te for tea 老作Duw W8) moc ann bo preact contrast o chromosom- separatiOn TELOPHASE seta al dewghtr chromo the poles of the sandu and drondemse tadeo A rewnudlea emmminpe the ond cf m ees The niwa e oe drove CYTOKINESIS Turing eno Ms, tha petin and myosin the ee lin NE 10 cop daughter, sah th one nicls =32m 35
Prop hase Chromatins condense to form compacted mitotic chromosomes Activated M-Cdk chromosomes stained to reed, phosphrylates condensin chromosome axis. In these cored subunits, triggering the been stained with a ble dre and em assembly of condensin has been stained red with a fu antibody aginst a protein in the complexes on DNA and condensin complex. Only part d the scaffolding is visible in these optial condensation of the sectons, (A)A typical mitou chromosome, which has a gendy tol chromosome scaffold along each of the twoc (B)A metaphase chromosome fom a The condensin can use 的 meaux kt energy of ATP has condensed by further helda bs hydtolysis to promote (Courtesy of Ulrich Lacmmli and DNA coiling(in vitro) Figure 18-3 The related structure and function of cohesins and The sister identical DNA- and ATP-binding domains at one end and a hinge region ac the chromatids are glued other, joined by two long, coiled-coil ons. This flexible structure is well together by suited for their role as DNA crosslinkers (B)Cohesins cross-link two adjacent multisubunit protein sister chromatids, gluing them together. (C) Condensins mediate intramolecub cross-linking to coil DNA in the process complex called ArP and DNA-binding domains DNA coils of chromosome condensation(Adapted sister chromatids from T Hirano, Genes and Dev cohesins A indentin or cohesin dimer 1B) sister-chromatid cohesion by cohesin C) DNA coiling by condensin 13: 11-19. 1999)
(1) Prophase ❖Chromatins condense to form compacted mitotic chromosomes Activated M-Cdk phosphrylates condensin subunits,triggering the assembly of condensin complexes on DNA and condensation of the chromosome. The condensin can use energy of ATP hydtolysis to promote DNA coiling(in vitro). The sister chromatids are glued together by multisubunit protein complex called cohesins
Centrosome duplicated at ,and separate to form mitotic spindle at the SG beginning of prophase aster G M metaphase
❖ Centrosome duplicated at S, and separate to form mitotic spindle at the beginning of prophase
Golgi, ER etc disperse to form vesicles: kinetochore assembly Assembly of kinetochore at the end of prophase centromere region kinetochore chromatid
Assembly of kinetochore at the end of prophase ❖Golgi, ER etc. disperse to form vesicles; kinetochore assembly