1.1 WORD-LEVEL CATEGORIES 词层面的范畴 1口>6 ×主词汇范畴(Major lexical categories) n.V. adj.prep. ×次词汇范畴(Minor lexical categories) 限定词(Det.) a/an,the,this,those,etc. 程度词(deg-)q uite,very,more,so,mainly,etc. 修饰词(qual.)often,always,seldom,almost,etc. 助动词(auX.)must,should,can,etc. 连词(conj)and,or,but
1.1 WORD-LEVEL CATEGORIES 词层面的范畴 主词汇范畴(Major lexical categories) n. v. adj. prep. 次词汇范畴(Minor lexical categories) 限定词（Det.）a/an, the, this, those, etc. 程度词（deg.）quite, very, more, so, mainly, etc. 修饰词（qual.）often, always, seldom, almost, etc. 助动词（aux.）must, should, can, etc. 连词（conj.）and, or, but
1.2 PHRASE CATEGORIES AND THEIR STRUCTURES NP the pretty girl N x VP often dream *AP very happy A x PP mainly about P
1.2 PHRASE CATEGORIES AND THEIR STRUCTURES NP the pretty girl N VP often dream V AP very happy A PP mainly about P
QUTLINE 1 Categories 2. Phrase Structure Rule 3. Phrase Elements 4. S-rule 5. Transformational Rules
OUTLINE 1. Categories 2. Phrase Structure Rule 3. Phrase Elements 4. S-rule 5. Transformational Rules
2.PHRASE STRUCTURE RULE ×NP-(DET.)N(PP) ×VP-(QUAL.)V(NP) ×AP-(DEG.)A(PP) ×PP(DEG.)P(NP)
2. PHRASE STRUCTURE RULE NP --- (DET.) N (PP) VP --- (QUAL.) V (NP) AP --- (DEG.) A (PP) PP --- (DEG.) P (NP)
NP=(PET.)N(PP) A STUDENT IN THE CLASSROOM THOSE TEACHERS IN THE MEETING ROOM THESE CHILDREN IN THE PARK
NP --- (DET.) N (PP) A STUDENT IN THE CLASSROOM THOSE TEACHERS IN THE MEETING ROOM THESE CHILDRENIN THE PARK