outline 1.Dialect varieties 1)ethnic dialect 2)language and gender 3)Pidgin and Creole 4)bilingualism and diglossia 2.Register:1)field and course 2)mode of discourse 3)tenor of discourse 3.Language and Culture 1)Definition of culture 2)The relationship between Language and Culture 3)Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
outline 1.Dialect varieties 1) ethnic dialect 2) language and gender 3) Pidgin and Creole 4) bilingualism and diglossia 2.Register : 1) field and course 2)mode of discourse 3)tenor of discourse 3.Language and Culture 1) Definition of culture 2) The relationship between Language and Culture 3) Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
1.Ethnic Dialect(少数民族方言) An ethnic dialect is a social dialect of a language that cuts across regional differences,it is mainly spoken by a less privileged population that has experienced some form of social isolation such as racial discrimination or segregation. 一何兆熊《新编简明英语语言学教程》P118
1.Ethnic Dialect(少数民族方言) • An ethnic dialect is a social dialect of a language that cuts across regional differences, it is mainly spoken by a less privileged population that has experienced some form of social isolation such as racial discrimination or segregation. —何兆熊《新编简明英语语言学教程》P118
Black English It is spoken by a large part of American blacks who often have low social status It differs from Standard American English(SAM)in rules that are similar to the rules of other language varieties. It has a portion of vocabulary of its own. It has a few distinctive phonological,morphological,and syntactic features
Black English • It is spoken by a large part of American blacks who often have low social status . • It differs from Standard American English (SAM) in rules that are similar to the rules of other language varieties. • It has a portion of vocabulary of its own. • It has a few distinctive phonological, morphological, and syntactic features
1)A prominent phonological feature of Black English is the simplification of consonant clusters at the end of a word. 就语音而言，最为显著的语音特征是对词尾的辅音连缀进行简化 e.g. SAM B.E passed p a:st/ pa:s/ mend mend men/ desk desk/ des told /ta心ld/ /ta5/
1)A prominent phonological feature of Black English is the simplification of consonant clusters at the end of a word. 就语音而言，最为显著的语音特征是对词尾的辅音连缀进行简化 e.g. SAM B.E passed / p ɑ: s t / / p ɑ: s / mend / mend / / men / desk / desk / / des / told / t ə ʊ ld / / t ə ʊ l/
2)The morphological feature e.g. 1.er→a nigger -----nigga player ------playa 2.KX/cks→X thanks------thanx checks------chex
2)The morphological feature e.g. 1.er → a nigger ------ nigga player ------ playa 2.Kx / cks → x thanks ------ thanx checks ------ chex