Functional Groups to Learn Sulfur-Containing Hydrocarbons Nitrogen-Containing amine sulfide Oxygen-Containing alkane nitrile thiol alcohol alkene nitro alkyne 一CC phenol sulfoxide diene imine ether sulfone arene epoxide Carboxylic Acid thioester Derivatives carboxylic Halogen-Containing ketone acid halide 48w alkyl halide Carboxylic aldehyde acid anhydride 8o8g- aryl halide ester carboxylic acid amide
Hydrocarbons alkane 烷烃-c- Oxygen-Containing -ane alcohol alkene烯烃 -ene asn炔烃 一CC- phenol 瑞经 ether are 芳香烃 epoxide 脂环烃 Halogen-Containing ketone 卤代烷烃 alkyl halide aldehyde 卤代芳烃 aryl halide carboxylic acid d-80m
烷烃 烯烃 炔烃 芳香烃 二烯烃 脂环烃 卤代烷烃 卤代芳烃 –ane –ene –yne
Recognition of functional groups 有机化学习 ■含氧化合物Containing Oxygen 醇、酚、醚、醛、酮、醌 Alcohols R-OH;Phenols Ar-OH;Ethers R-O-R; Aldehydes,Ketones ,Quinones R(H)C=O,R2 C=O 羧酸、酯、酰胺、酸酐、酰卤 Carboxylic Acids and their Derivatives Acid chlorides;Acid Anhydrides;Amides;Esters RCOOH,RCOOR',RCONR'2,RCOX
含氧化合物 Containing Oxygen 醇、酚、醚、醛、酮、醌 Alcohols R-OH；Phenols Ar-OH； Ethers R-O-R； Aldehydes, Ketones ,Quinones R(H)C=O, R2 C=O 羧酸、酯、酰胺、酸酐、酰卤 Carboxylic Acids and their Derivatives Acid chlorides; Acid Anhydrides; Amides; Esters RCOOH, RCOOR’, RCONR’2, RCOX Recognition of functional groups
Recognition of functional groups 有机化学 ■ 含氮化合物 Containir Nitrogen-Containing ●胺Amines::RNH2,RzN amine -C-N- ●亚胺Imines:-C=NH,- 胺 ●腈Nitrile:RCN(-CN,c nitrile 腈 硝基Nitro compounds 亚硝基Nitroso compou 硝基 nitro ●偶氮Azo-N=N- 重氮盐Diazonium salt- 亚胺 硝酸酯Nitrate R-ONO2 imine 亚硝酸酯Nitrite R-ONO
Recognition of functional groups 含氮化合物 Containing Nitrogen: 胺 Amines: RNH2, R2NH, R3N, （R4N+X- ） 亚胺 Imines: -C=NH, -C=NR; 腈 Nitrile: RCN (-CN, cyano group ) 硝基 Nitro compounds R-NO2 亚硝基 Nitroso compounds R-NO 偶氮Azo －N=N－ 重氮盐Diazonium salt -N三N＋ 硝酸酯 Nitrate R-ONO2 亚硝酸酯 Nitrite R-ONO
匡 Sulfur-Contairg sulfide 硫醚 R++X thiol 硫醇 -cH Thiophenol硫酚 sulfoxide 亚砜 6-g 砜 sulfone 硫代酯 thioester
官能团 Containing halogen Alkyl Halides δ+R-X δ- R+ + X- Containing Sulfur 磺酸 －SO3H； 硫醇 Thiols 硫酚 Thiophenol－SH Thiophenol 硫酚