Functional Groups ■官能团(Functional Groups): The atom or group of atoms that defines the structure of a particular family of organic compounds and,at the same time determines their properties Structural features that allow for classification of compounds into families The structural similarities in these compounds lead to chemical similarities ·官能团：有机分子中比较活泼、易发生化学反应的 原子或原子团 ●官能团：赋予有机物一类特征结构并决定其性质的 原子或原子团
Functional Groups 官能团（Functional Groups)： The atom or group of atoms that defines the structure of a particular family of organic compounds and, at the same time determines their properties Structural features that allow for classification of compounds into families The structural similarities in these compounds lead to chemical similarities 官能团: 有机分子中比较活泼、易发生化学反应的 原子或原子团 官能团: 赋予有机物一类特征结构并决定其性质的 原子或原子团
Functional Groups It should be noted that the importance of a functional group cannot be overstated. A functional group affects or determines all of the following properties of a molecule: ●Bonding and shape ● Chemical reactivity Type and strength of intermolecular forces Physical properties Nomenclature
Functional Groups It should be noted that the importance of a functional group cannot be overstated. A functional group affects or determines all of the following properties of a molecule: Bonding and shape Chemical reactivity Type and strength of intermolecular forces Physical properties Nomenclature
Functional Groups A given functional group Double behaves in nearly the bond CH3 same way in every =0 molecule it is a part of H2C-CH The chemistry of every C-CHa organic molecule, regardless of size and Ethylene Menthene complexity,is determined by the functional groups. -Bromine added here In the reactions ofethylene and menthene with bromine both molecules react with Br2 in the C-CH3 same way
Functional Groups A given functional group behaves in nearly the same way in every molecule it is a part of The chemistry of every organic molecule, regardless of size and complexity, is determined by the functional groups. In the reactions of ethylene and menthene with bromine both molecules react with Br2 in the same way
认一认这些母体化合物 C三C 烯烃 炔烃 苯，芳香烃 OH 卤代烃 醇 醚 磷酸酯 胺 硫醇 硫醚 二硫化物
认一认这些母体化合物 烯烃 卤代烃 醇 炔烃 苯，芳香烃 胺 硫醇 醚 磷酸酯 硫醚 二硫化物
认一认这些母体化合物 OH 醛 酮 羧酸 硫代酯 酰胺 酰氯 酸酐
认一认这些母体化合物 醛 酮 羧酸 硫代酯 酯 酰胺 酰氯 酸酐