UNIT 1 ART environment. 1学以致用 这次会议旨在保护环境。 单句语法填空 (2)They are aiming to reduce unemploy- (1)The little boy aimed ment by 50%. (climb)up to the top of the hill,and at last he 他们正力求使失业人数减少50%。 achieved his aim. (3)The factory must aim to increase (2)His brother studied hard, production/aim at increasing production/aim (aim)at passing the College Entrance Exami- for an increase in production. nation. 工厂必须把增加产量作为自己的目标。 (3)The band is touring the country 考点convey vt.表达；传递（思想、感情 the aim of promoting the new album. 等)：传送 (4)The message (convey) convey sth to sb向某人传达某物 here is clear:"Actions speak louder than convey sth from..to.把某物从…运送到 words..” convey sth/sb to some place把某物/某人送 (5)His determined look conveyed his 到某地 meanings that the injured should convey sth to sb向某人表达 (convey)from here to the hospital convey in words用言语表达 at once. 语境领悟 (6)They took a more reasonable approach, (1)Please convey my apologies to your wife. (convey)to their children how 请向你的妻子转达我的歉意。 success at school could improve their lives. (2)Pipes convey hot water from the boiler (7)When I returned home,I tried to convey to the radiators. the wonder of the machine my 管道把热水从锅炉输送到散热器里。 husband. (3)Please convey my best wishes to her. 句型转换 请代我向她表达最美好的祝愿。 (8)I aim to be a doctor by the time I am 25. (4)She conveyed her thanks to her mother is to be a doctor yesterday. by the time I am 25. 她昨天向她妈妈表达了感谢。 (9)The aim of this measure is to reduce road accidents. 巧学助记The leader conveyed his sorrow →This measure to the dead and ordered the necessities reducing road accidents. should be conveyed immediately to the 12.【教材原文】After Impressionism, earthquake-hit areas. subsequent artists began to ask,"What do we 领导人表达了对死者的哀悼，并下令立 do next?”(page3) 即将必需品运送到地震灾区去。 在印象主义之后，艺术家们开始发问：“我 11
UNIT1 ART environment. 这次会议旨在保护环境。 (2)Theyareaimingtoreduceunemploymentby50%. 他们正力求使失业人数减少50%。 (3)Thefactory mustaim toincrease production/aim atincreasingproduction/aim foranincreaseinproduction. 工厂必须把增加产量作为自己的目标。 考点二conveyvt.表达;传递(思想、感情 等);传送 conveysthtosb向某人传达某物 conveysthfrom...to...把某物从……运送到…… conveysth/sbtosomeplace把某物/某人送 到某地 conveysthtosb向某人表达…… conveyinwords用言语表达 语境领悟 (1)Pleaseconveymyapologiestoyourwife. 请向你的妻子转达我的歉意。 (2)Pipesconveyhotwaterfromtheboiler totheradiators. 管道把热水从锅炉输送到散热器里。 (3)Pleaseconveymybestwishestoher. 请代我向她表达最美好的祝愿。 (4)Sheconveyedherthankstohermother yesterday. 她昨天向她妈妈表达了感谢。 Theleaderconveyedhissorrow tothe dead and orderedthe necessities should be conveyedimmediately to the earthquake-hitareas. 领导人表达了对死者的哀悼,并下令立 即将必需品运送到地震灾区去。 学以致用 单句语法填空 (1)Thelittleboyaimed (climb)uptothetopofthehill,andatlasthe achievedhisaim. (2)Hisbrotherstudiedhard, (aim)atpassingtheCollegeEntranceExamination. (3)Thebandistouringthecountry theaimofpromotingthenew album. (4)Themessage (convey) hereisclear:“Actionsspeaklouderthan words.” (5)Hisdeterminedlookconveyed his meaningsthattheinjuredshould (convey)fromheretothehospital atonce. (6)Theytookamorereasonableapproach, (convey)totheirchildrenhow successatschoolcouldimprovetheirlives. (7)WhenIreturnedhome,Itriedtoconvey thewonderofthemachine my husband. 句型转换 (8)IaimtobeadoctorbythetimeIam25. → istobeadoctor bythetimeIam25. (9)Theaimofthismeasureistoreduce roadaccidents. →Thismeasure reducingroadaccidents. 12.【教材原文】 After Impressionism, subsequentartistsbegantoask,“Whatdowe donext?”(page3) 在印象主义之后,艺术家们开始发问:“我 11
英语 选择性必修第三册 配人教版 们下一步做什么？” in an attempt to do sth企图做某事；试图做 考点subsequent adj.随后的；后来的；之 某事 后的 at the first/second attempt第-/二次尝试 subsequent to在…之后 语境领悟 subsequently ad.随后：后来：之后；接着 (1)Every time I attempted to persuade 语境领悟 her,I failed completely. (1)The events I'm speaking of are subse- 每一次我试图说服她都失败了。 quent to the war. (2)They made an attempt to escape/at 我现在说到的事件都是战后发生的。 escaping,but failed. (2)There have been further developments 他们试图逃跑，但失败了。 subsequent to our meeting. (3)In an attempt to clarify this contradiction 在我们的会议之后又有新发展。 the researchers repeated the study. (3)He was born in Shanghai where he 为了弄清为什么出现这种矛盾，研究者们 subsequently practised as a lawyer until his 重做了这项研究。 retirement. (4)I passed my driving test at my first 他出生在上海，后来在那里从事律师工 attempt. 作，直到退休。 我考汽车驾驶执照时一次就通过了。 I学以致用 【学以致用 单句语法填空 单句语法填空 (1)The boys made attempt (1)Many of the earlier reports were to leave for camping but were stopped by their subsequent)shown to be parents unsatisfactory. (2)I attempted (2)Subsequent its success as (speak)but was told to keep quiet. a play,it was made into a film (3)Jim was as proud as a peacock when l3.【教材原文】What they attempted to he passed his driving test his first do was no longer show reality,but instead to attempt. ask the question,“What is art?”(page3) (4)The company made an attempt 他们所做的尝试不再是展示现实，而是提 (break)into the 出这一问题：“什么是艺术？” American market. 考点attemptn.努力；尝试；企图l.企 图；尝试 句型剖析 attempt to do sth企图做某事 L.【教材原文】As there have been so make an attempt at (doing)sth=make an many different styles of Western art,it is attempt to do sth企图/试图做某事 impossible to describe them all in a short
英 语 选择性必修 第三册 配人教版 们下一步做什么?” 考点subsequentadj.随后的;后来的;之 后的 subsequentto在……之后 subsequentlyadv.随后;后来;之后;接着 语境领悟 (1)TheeventsImspeakingofaresubsequenttothewar. 我现在说到的事件都是战后发生的。 (2)Therehavebeenfurtherdevelopments subsequenttoourmeeting. 在我们的会议之后又有新发展。 (3)HewasborninShanghaiwherehe subsequentlypractisedasalawyeruntilhis retirement. 他出生在上海,后来在那里从事律师工 作,直到退休。 学以致用 单句语法填空 (1)Many oftheearlierreports were (subsequent)showntobe unsatisfactory. (2)Subsequent itssuccessas aplay,itwasmadeintoafilm. 13.【教材原文】 Whattheyattemptedto dowasnolongershowreality,butinsteadto askthequestion,“Whatisart?”(page3) 他们所做的尝试不再是展示现实,而是提 出这一问题:“什么是艺术?” 考点 attemptn.努力;尝试;企图 vt.企 图;尝试 attempttodosth企图做某事 makeanattemptat(doing)sth=makean attempttodosth企图/试图做某事 inanattempttodosth企图做某事;试图做 某事 atthefirst/secondattempt第一/二次尝试 语境领悟 (1)EverytimeIattemptedtopersuade her,Ifailedcompletely. 每一次我试图说服她都失败了。 (2)Theymadeanattempttoescape/at escaping,butfailed. 他们试图逃跑,但失败了。 (3)Inanattempttoclarifythiscontradiction theresearchersrepeatedthestudy. 为了弄清为什么出现这种矛盾,研究者们 重做了这项研究。 (4)Ipassedmydrivingtestatmyfirst attempt. 我考汽车驾驶执照时一次就通过了。 学以致用 单句语法填空 (1)Theboysmade attempt toleaveforcampingbutwerestoppedbytheir parents. (2)Iattempted (speak)butwastoldtokeepquiet. (3)Jim wasasproudasapeacockwhen hepassedhisdrivingtest hisfirst attempt. (4)The company made an attempt (break)intothe Americanmarket. 句型剖析 1.【教材原文】 Astherehavebeenso manydifferentstylesof Westernart,itis impossibletodescribethem allinashort 12
UNIT 1 ART text.(page 2) 学以致用 西方艺术有如此多不同的风格，不可能在 单句语法填空 一篇简短的文章里全部描述出来。 (1) is a good idea to have 1句法分析 a face-to-face talk with your parents in your 句中t为形式主语，而后面的动词不定式 spare time. 短语to describe them all in a short text是真 (2)It's very kind of you 正的主语。 (help)me with homework. t做形式主语时的常见句式： (3)Do you think it is difficult (1)It is+adj./n.+to do sth him to get along with others? (2)It is-+adj./n.+(for/of sb)to do sth (4)It's careless (3)ltis+adi./n.+that从句 you to make (4)It is no good/no use/useless doing sth so many mistakes in this exam. (5)Itis十动词-ed形式十that. 2.【教材原文】While his paintings still 语境领悟 had religious themes,they showed real people (1)It is possible to see as far as the island in a real environment.(page 2) on a clear day. 虽然他的绘画仍然有宗教主题，但是它们 在天气晴朗的日子里，远至那座岛屿处都 展示了真实环境中的真实人物。 能看清。 1句法分析 (2)It has been a habit for some students while“"尽管，虽然”，多位于句首，引导让 to put off their homework. 步状语从句。 有些学生不按时完成作业已成了习惯。 while的意义和用法： (3)It's clever of you to work out the (1)while用作从属连词，引导让步状语从 maths problem 句，意为“虽然，尽管”，相当于though。 你真聪明，解出了这道数学题。 (2)while用作从属连词，引导时间状语从 (4)It is strange that he should be late. 真奇怪，他竟会迟到。 句，意为“在…期间，当…的时候”。从句 中的谓语动词通常是延续性动词。 温馨提示在“Itis/was十adj.十(for/of (3)while用作并列连词，表对比、转折，意 sb)十to do sth”结构中，for前面的形容词 为“然而；可是”。 通常是difficult,necessary,important,easy, (4)while用作从属连词，引导条件状语从 hard,possible,wise等，这些形容词多与事 句，意为“只要”，相当于as long as。 物的特征有关；而of前面的形容词常常是 (5)while用作名词，意为“一会儿；一段 wise,kind,stupid,silly,bright,nice,good, 时间”。常见短语： polite,rude等，这类形容词常是表示心理品 after a while过了一会儿 质、性格特征的形容词。 for a while一会儿 all the while一直，始终 13
UNIT1 ART text.(page2) 西方艺术有如此多不同的风格,不可能在 一篇简短的文章里全部描述出来。 句法分析 句中it为形式主语,而后面的动词不定式 短语todescribethemallinashorttext是真 正的主语。 it做形式主语时的常见句式: (1)Itis+adj./n.+todosth (2)Itis+adj./n.+(for/ofsb)todosth (3)Itis+adj./n.+that从句 (4)Itisnogood/nouse/uselessdoingsth (5)Itis+动词-ed形式+that... 语境领悟 (1)Itispossibletoseeasfarastheisland onaclearday. 在天气晴朗的日子里,远至那座岛屿处都 能看清。 (2)Ithasbeenahabitforsomestudents toputofftheirhomework. 有些学生不按时完成作业已成了习惯。 (3)Itscleverofyouto workoutthe mathsproblem. 你真聪明,解出了这道数学题。 (4)Itisstrangethatheshouldbelate. 真奇怪,他竟会迟到。 在“Itis/was+adj.+(for/of sb)+todosth”结构中,for前面的形容词 通常是difficult,necessary,important,easy, hard,possible,wise等,这些形容词多与事 物的特征有关;而of前面的形容词常常是 wise,kind,stupid,silly,bright,nice,good, polite,rude等,这类形容词常是表示心理品 质、性格特征的形容词。 学以致用 单句语法填空 (1) isagoodideatohave aface-to-facetalkwithyourparentsinyour sparetime. (2)Itsverykindofyou (help)mewithhomework. (3)Doyouthinkitisdifficult himtogetalongwithothers? (4)Itscareless youtomake somanymistakesinthisexam. 2.【教材原文】 Whilehispaintingsstill hadreligiousthemes,theyshowedrealpeople inarealenvironment.(page2) 虽然他的绘画仍然有宗教主题,但是它们 展示了真实环境中的真实人物。 句法分析 while“尽管,虽然”,多位于句首,引导让 步状语从句。 while的意义和用法: (1)while用作从属连词,引导让步状语从 句,意为“虽然,尽管”,相当于though。 (2)while用作从属连词,引导时间状语从 句,意为“在……期间,当……的时候”。从句 中的谓语动词通常是延续性动词。 (3)while用作并列连词,表对比、转折,意 为“然而;可是”。 (4)while用作从属连词,引导条件状语从 句,意为“只要”,相当于aslongas。 (5)while用作名词,意为“一会儿;一段 时间”。常见短语: afterawhile过了一会儿 forawhile一会儿 allthewhile一直,始终 13
英语 选择性必修第三册 配人教版 【语境领悟 (1)While I am willing to help,I do not have much time available. she fell asleep. 尽管我愿意帮忙，但是没有多少时间。 (2)只要有生命就有希望。 (2)While she is a lovely girl,she can be extremely difficult to work with. there is hope. 虽然她是一个可爱的小姑娘，但有时很难 (3)那个男孩擅长数学而他妹妹擅长 与她共事。 语文。 (3)You can go swimming while I'm having The boy is good at maths lunch. 我吃午饭时你可以去游泳。 (4)他坐了一会儿，琢磨简跟他说过的话。 (4)You like sports while I like reading. 你喜欢运动，而我喜欢阅读。 thinking about what (5)There will be life while there is water and air. Jane had said to him. 只要有水和空气，就有生命。 (6)They walked back together,talking 3.【教材原文】Others wanted paintings all the while. showing important historical events or stories 他们一起边走边聊着回去了。 from mythology.(page 2) 而其他人想要的则是展示重大历史事件 温馨提示when“当（在）…时”，可连 或神话故事的绘画。 接表示瞬间动作的动词，与主句所述的动 I句法分析 作、事情可能同时发生，也可有先后； 句中“showing important historical events while“正当（正在）…时”，用于表示 or stories from mythology'”是动词-ing形式做 同时进行的两个延续性动作相伴随而发生， 定语。 常对同类的两个动作进行对比。 动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式都可以做 图形助记 定语： while (1)单个的分词一般做前置定语： (2)分词短语做后置定语，相当于一个定 从属连词 名词 并列连词 语从句； (3)动词-ing形式一般表示主动或动作正 一会儿 在… 虽然： 期间 尽管 只要 然而 在进行，动词-ed形式表示被动或动作已经 完成。 学以致用 语境领悟 完成句子 (1)There are many students playing (1)她听着收音机睡着了。 basketball on the playground
英 语 选择性必修 第三册 配人教版 语境领悟 (1)WhileIam willingtohelp,Idonot havemuchtimeavailable. 尽管我愿意帮忙,但是没有多少时间。 (2)Whilesheisalovelygirl,shecanbe extremelydifficulttoworkwith. 虽然她是一个可爱的小姑娘,但有时很难 与她共事。 (3)YoucangoswimmingwhileImhaving lunch. 我吃午饭时你可以去游泳。 (4)YoulikesportswhileIlikereading. 你喜欢运动,而我喜欢阅读。 (5)Therewillbelifewhilethereiswaterandair. 只要有水和空气,就有生命。 (6)They walkedbacktogether,talking allthewhile. 他们一起边走边聊着回去了。 when“当(在)……时”,可连 接表示瞬间动作的动词,与主句所述的动 作、事情可能同时发生,也可有先后; while“正当(正在)……时”,用于表示 同时进行的两个延续性动作相伴随而发生, 常对同类的两个动作进行对比。 学以致用 完成句子 (1)她听着收音机睡着了。 ,shefellasleep. (2)只要有生命就有希望。 ,thereishope. (3)那个男孩擅长数学而 他 妹 妹 擅 长 语文。 Theboyisgoodat maths . (4)他坐了一会儿,琢磨简跟他说过的话。 ,thinkingaboutwhat Janehadsaidtohim. 3.【教材原文】 Otherswantedpaintings showingimportanthistoricaleventsorstories from mythology.(page2) 而其他人想要的则是展示重大历史事件 或神话故事的绘画。 句法分析 句中“showingimportanthistoricalevents orstoriesfrom mythology”是动词-ing形式做 定语。 动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式都可以做 定语: (1)单个的分词一般做前置定语; (2)分词短语做后置定语,相当于一个定 语从句; (3)动词-ing形式一般表示主动或动作正 在进行,动词-ed形式表示被动或动作已经 完成。 语境领悟 (1)Thereare many students playing basketballontheplayground. 14
UNIT 1 ART 有很多学生在操场上打篮球。 (5)This is the path which leads to the (2)He brought us an interesting book. school. 他给我们带来了一本有趣的书。 →This is the path (3)The man sitting under a big tree is the school. my uncle. 4.【教材原文】After that,.paintings were =The man who is sitting under a big tree no longer needed to preserve what people and is my uncle. the world looked like.(page 3) 坐在大树下的那个人是我的叔叔。 从那以后，绘画不再需要保留人与世界的 (4)The building being built now will be 模样。 our dining hall. 1句法分析 =The building which is being built now 本句中的what people and the world will be our dining hall. looked like是what引导的名词性从句，做宾 现在正在建造的建筑将是我们的餐厅。 语，what在宾语从句中做宾语。 (5)Some people invited to the party are what引导名词性从句的用法： famous poets. (1)what引导的名词性从句除了可以做 被邀请到聚会上的一些人是著名的诗人。 宾语外，还可以在句中做主语、表语或同位 温馨提示」 动词-ing形式做定语与所修 语等。 饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系；动 (2)what在所引导的名词性从句中充当 词-ed形式做定语与所修饰的名词之间存在 一定的成分。 逻辑上的动宾关系；动词不定式做定语常表 (3)what引导的名词性从句用陈述语序。 示将来动作。 语境领悟 (1)He saves what he earns. 【学以致用 他把赚的钱都存起来。 单句语法填空 (2)China is no longer what she used to (1)Have you got anything be. (say)at the meeting? 今日的中国已不再是过去的中国了。 (2)The car (repair)yester- (3)However,what concerned him most day by him is my mother's. was that farmers often had poor harvests and (3)The man (stand)at the sometimes even had a serious shortage of gate is my English teacher. food. 句型转换 然而，最让他担心的是，农民经常粮食歉 (4)Tell the boys who are playing over 收，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。 there not to make any noise. (4)Do you have any idea what is actually →Tell the boys going on in the classroom? not to make any noise. 你知道教室里正在发生什么事吗？ 15
UNIT1 ART 有很多学生在操场上打篮球。 (2)Hebroughtusaninterestingbook. 他给我们带来了一本有趣的书。 (3)Themansittingunderabigtreeis myuncle. =Themanwhoissittingunderabigtree ismyuncle. 坐在大树下的那个人是我的叔叔。 (4)Thebuildingbeingbuiltnow willbe ourdininghall. =Thebuildingwhichisbeingbuiltnow willbeourdininghall. 现在正在建造的建筑将是我们的餐厅。 (5)Somepeopleinvitedtothepartyare famouspoets. 被邀请到聚会上的一些人是著名的诗人。 动词-ing形式做定语与所修 饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系;动 词-ed形式做定语与所修饰的名词之间存在 逻辑上的动宾关系;动词不定式做定语常表 示将来动作。 学以致用 单句语法填空 (1)Haveyougotanything (say)atthemeeting? (2)Thecar (repair)yesterdaybyhimismymothers. (3)Theman (stand)atthe gateismyEnglishteacher. 句型转换 (4)Telltheboyswhoareplayingover therenottomakeanynoise. →Telltheboys nottomakeanynoise. (5)Thisisthepathwhichleadstothe school. →Thisisthepath theschool. 4.【教材原文】 Afterthat,paintingswere nolongerneededtopreservewhatpeopleand theworldlookedlike.(page3) 从那以后,绘画不再需要保留人与世界的 模样。 句法分析 本 句 中 的 whatpeopleandthe world lookedlike是 what引导的名词性从句,做宾 语,what在宾语从句中做宾语。 what引导名词性从句的用法: (1)what引导的名词性从句除了可以做 宾语外,还可以在句中做主语、表语或同位 语等。 (2)what在所引导的名词性从句中充当 一定的成分。 (3)what引导的名词性从句用陈述语序。 语境领悟 (1)Hesaveswhatheearns. 他把赚的钱都存起来。 (2)Chinaisnolongerwhatsheusedto be. 今日的中国已不再是过去的中国了。 (3)However,whatconcernedhim most wasthatfarmersoftenhadpoorharvestsand sometimeseven hadaseriousshortageof food. 然而,最让他担心的是,农民经常粮食歉 收,有时甚至严重缺乏食物。 (4)Doyouhaveanyideawhatisactually goingonintheclassroom? 你知道教室里正在发生什么事吗? 15