EXAMPLE: 7+1052 Machine Language 中 bly langua Instruction Program Program 00111110操作码(LDA) LDA.7 00000111操作数(7) ADD A10 11000110操作码(ADDA) HALT 00001010操作数(10) 01110110操作码(HALT)
EXAMPLE: 7+10=? Program: LD A, 7 ADD A,10 HALT Instruction Program: 0011 1110 操作码(LD A) 0000 0111 操作数(7) 1100 0110 操作码(ADD A) 0000 1010 操作数(10) 0111 0110 操作码(HALT) Assembly language Machine Language
计算机中的数据处理过程: 机器指令和机器周期 指令 指令周期 2、指令翻译13、把指令放到寄存器中 1、取机器指令 4、把地址放到寄存器中 8、把结果送到累加器中5把据从内存 7、ALU执行操作6、命令ALU执行相应的操作 5.20 执行周期「
计算机中的数据处理过程： 机器指令和机器周期 机器指令： 1、取机器指令 2、指令翻译 3、把指令放到寄存器中 4、把地址放到寄存器中 5、把数据从内存 中取到寄存器中 7、ALU执行操作 6、命令ALU执行相应的操作 8、把结果送到累加器中 指令周期 5.20 执行周期
The CPu e EPU= Central Processing Unit Instruction execution is automatic (tick) find memory address of next instruction (tick) retrieve instruction from memory (tick )decode the instruction (tick) fetch argument from memory if necessary -(tick) execute instruction .(tick) store result in memory if necessary o Internal clock ticks very fast( e. g, 100MHZ 100 million ticks per second) activities are synchronized to start on a clock tick some activities take more than one clock tick
The CPU CPU = Central Processing Unit Instruction execution is automatic ◼ (tick) find memory address of next instruction ◼ (tick) retrieve instruction from memory ◼ (tick) decode the instruction ◼ (tick) fetch argument from memory if necessary ◼ (tick) execute instruction ◼ (tick) store result in memory if necessary Internal clock ticks very fast (e. g., 100MHZ = 100 million ticks per second) ◼ activities are synchronized to start on a clock tick ◼ some activities take more than one clock tick
COMPUTER TIME PER COMPARED NAME LENGTH SECOND 1 SECOND Millisecond 001 second thousand 15min 40 sec Microsecond. 001 millisecond million 11.6 days Nanosecond. 001microsecond billion 31.7 years Picosecond. 001 nanosecond trillion 31,700 years
COMPUTER TIME Millisecond .001 second thousand 15min 40 sec Microsecond .001 millisecond million 11.6 days Nanosecond .001microsecond billion 31.7 years Picosecond .001 nanosecond trillion 31,700 years NAME LENGTH SECOND TO 1 SECOND # PER COMPARED
TYPES OF MEMORY RAM: Random Access Memory Dynamic: Changes thru processing Static: Remains constant (power on) O ROM: Read Only Memory(preprogrammed) PROM: Program can be changed once EPROM: Erasable thru ultraviolet light EEPROM: Electrically erasable
TYPES OF MEMORY RAM: Random Access Memory ◼ Dynamic: Changes thru processing ◼ Static: Remains constant (power on) ROM: Read Only Memory (preprogrammed) ◼ PROM: Program can be changed once ◼ EPROM: Erasable thru ultraviolet light ◼ EEPROM: Electrically erasable *