21 盘经 慧盖 CONTENTS Chapter One:What is Philosophy …1 I Philosophy as the Theory of World-View.......................2 2 The Theory of World-View and the Fundamental Pro blem of Philosophy… 3 Worid-Vicw and the Relationship of Human Being and Wold……10 4 World-View and Epistemology 12 5 World-View and History-View 15 6 World-View and Theory of Value 17 Chapter Two:The Domain of Philosophy 20 1 Marxist Philosophy …21 2 Chinese Philosophy 25 3 Foreign Philosophy 28 4L0gic…30
5 Ethics 32 6 Acsthetics4… 34 7 Religion… 36 8 Scientific-Technical Philosophy 38 Chapter Three:Philosophy and Religion............................................. 41 1 The 'Through Time'Relationship of Philosophy and Religion 42 2 The 'Together Time'Relationship of Philosophy and Religion........... 44 3 The Relationship and Difference of Philosophy and Religion.................. 46 Chapter Four:Philosophy and Art............................................ 48 1 The Aesthetics World of Art and the Pursuit of Philosophy to the Beauty ... 49 2 The Philosophical Way and the Artistic Way of Men's Grasping the Worid.. 50 3 The Philosophical Meaning of Art and the Artistic Interest of Philosophy....52 4 Sensitive Nerve of the Times and Quintessence of the Times Spirit.............54 Chapter Five:Philosophy and Common Sense......................... 56 1 The World View,Thinking Mode and Value Norm of Common Sense........... 57 2 Empiricalness of Common Sense and Transcendentness of Philosophy......61 3 Representativeness of Common Sense and Conceptualization of Philosophy....... 62 4 Limitedness of Common Sense and Limitlessness of Philosophy............... 65 5 Non-criticalness of Common Sense and Criticalness of Philosophy............. 66 6 Commonsensization of Philosophy and Philosophization of Common Sense......67 Chapter Six:Philosophy and Science........................................... 71 1 Two Fundamental Ways of Theoritical Thinking........................... 71 2 The Reflective Relation of Philosophy to Science............................... 75 3 The Main Reflcctive Contents of Philosophy to Science.........................77 4 Reflecting the Scientific Spirits of the Times.................................... 80 5 Transcending the Scientistic Trend of Thought in Contemporary Philosophy.... 82 Chapter Seven:Philosophical Pursuit of Ontology........................... 86 1 Noumenon’and‘(talogy' 86 6
2 Ultimate Being,Ultimate interpretation.and Ultimate Value.................9] 3 Hermeneutic-Circle and Self-Critique of Ontology............................. 94 4 Ontological Problems in Contcmporary Philosophy................................95 Chapter Eight:Philosophical Problem of Humanity.................................. 99 1 Human Being and the Worid..................................................100 2 Life and Existence............................................................ 107 3 Subject and Object............................................................. 112 4Smal1Slf'and 'Big Self”… 117 5【deal and Reality… 120 6(riterion and Choice…… 122 Chapter Nine:Philosophical Character of Nationality 126 1 Naticmality of Phikeophical Tradition…… 127 2 Nationality of Philosophical Interest....................................... 128 3 Nationality of Philosophical Catcgory............................................ 130 Chapter Ten:Reflective Thinking of Philosophy................................ 133 1 Dimension of Reflection……… 134 2 Thinking of Reflcetion.......................................................... 137 3 bject of Reflection… 139 4 Character of Reflection............................. 141 5 Reflection of Prerequisite....................................................... 144 6 Transcending the Epistcmological Standpoint of Philosophy...................148 Chapter Eleven:Critical Essence of Philosophy............................... 152 1 Working Mode of 'Cleaning up the Foundation' 153 2 Philosophical Reflection on‘Trueness'… 159 3 Philosophical Inquiry on 'Good' 164 4 Self-Critique of Philosophical Prerequisite.................................... 166 Chapter Twelve:Factional Conflicts in Philosophy 169 1 Nature and Super-Nature:Materialism and Idealism......................170 7
2 Concept and Reprcscntation:Dialoctics and Metaphysics................... 179 3 Sensc and Reason:Empiricism and Rationalism............................... 189 4 Fact and Valuc:Scientism and Humanism......................................197 5 Factiousness and Timcliness of Philosophical Conflicts........................ 205 Chapter Thirteen:Timely Philosophical Theory.........210 1 Times Mcaning of Philosophical Thoory......................................211 2 Thcorctical Representation of the Times Spirit 214 3 To Model and to Lead the 'T'imcs Spirit........................................219 Chapter Fourteen:Creative Character of Philosophical Inquiry .............228 1 The Quality of Philosophy and the T'raining of Philosophical Thinking.....228 2 The Creative Consciousness of Philosophy and the Practical Reflective Mode 234 3 The Cuhivation of Philoeophical Life-Attitude.................................236 Biblic0 graphy… 241 Postscript… 244 · ---
21 世纪 第一章 哲学是什么 学习或研究哲学，人们首先就会提出一个问题：哲学究竟是什 么？ “哲学”这个词源于古希腊文的“philosophia”,意思是“追 求”(philem)和“智慧”(ophia),即爱智。在汉语中，“哲”是 聪明、智慧的意思，以“哲学”翻译和表达“philosophia”,往往 使人把“哲学”视为“聪明之学”和“智慧之学”，亦即把“哲学” 当做智慧的总或关于智慧的学问。然而，人类所创造的常识、宗 教、艺术、伦理和科学，不都是人类智慧吗？由这些智慧所构成的 人的常识世界、宗教世界、艺术世界、伦理世界和科学世界，不都 是人类智慧的结晶吗？由人类智慧所创建的物质文明和精神文明及 其相互融合而形成的人类文明史，不也可以说是人类智慧的发展史 吗？由此可见，哲学是智慧，但智慧并不就是哲学，仅仅把哲学视 为智慧的代名词，显而易见是不恰当的。我们应当按照哲学的“爱 智”的原义去思考哲学。 爱智，虽然它也是智慧的表现，但却不是通常意义的智慧，而