2N2054NO2+O2 (T = 340:K)时间c(N2O5)r(min)(mol-dm-3-min-1)(mol-dm-3)00.0470.16010.1130.0B320.080.0.02430.0160.05640.040
时间 c(N2O5 ) (min) (mol·dm–3 ) (mol·dm–3·min–1 ) 0 0.160 0.047 1 0.113 0.033 2 0.080 0.024 3 0.056 0.016 4 0.040 2N2O5 4NO2+O2 r (T = 340 K)
2N,054NO2+O2当△t=4min时，测得上述反应的平均反应速率(mol·dm-3·min-l)为(N,0,)=c(N,}= 0.03 mol dm min -△tAc(NO,) = 0.06 mol · dm-3 ·min r(NO2) =△t△c(O2)) = 0.015 mol .dm-3 .minr(O2) =△t17r(N,Os)=二r(NO2)=r(O2)-1241
(O ) 1 1 (N O ) 4 1 (N O ) 2 1 2 5 2 2 r = r = r 2N2O5 4NO2+O2 2 5 3 1 2 5 0 03mol dm min N O N O − − = • • − = . t c( ) r( ) 当t = 4 min 时，测得上述反应的平均反 应速率(mol·dm–3·min–1 ) 为 2 3 1 2 0.06 mol dm min (N O ) (N O ) − − = • • = t c r 2 3 1 2 0.015 mol dm min (O ) (O ) − − = • • = t c r
aA+bB=gG+hH1 △c(A)1 △c(B)1 △c(G)1 △c(H)bh△t△t△t△tag1-(A)==r(B) =二r(G)=r(H)bhag
a A+ b B g G + h H t c t h c t g c t b c a = = = − − 1 (A) 1 (B) 1 (G) 1 (H) (H) 1 (G) 1 (B) 1 (A) 1 r h r g r b r a = = =
瞬时速率3-1-2c(NO)FigureA graph of the concentration of NOr = 7.7 X 10-5 mol·dm-3.s-1againsttimeinthereactionNO,+CONO+CO,.The average rateover0.0326thetimeintervalfrom50to15000300seconds is obtained by dividing the0.0288change in NO concentration by thedurationof the interval (green box)0.0249The instantaneous rate 150 secondsafterthe startofthereactionisfound0.0200by calculating the slope of the linetangent to the curve at that point (red0.0160box).瞬时速率是△tAveragerate0.0100趋近于0时，平=1.3 X 10-4均速度的极限。mol·dm-3.s-1200r(NO)=dy/dx= dc(NO)/dt (切线的斜率)9
9 瞬时速率是 t 趋近于0时，平 均速度的极限。 r(NO) =dy/dx= dc(NO)/dt (切线的斜率) c(NO) r = 7.7 ×10-5 mol·dm-3·s-1 Average rate =1.3×10-4 mol·dm-3·s-1 3-1-2 瞬时速率 Figure A graph of the concentration of NO against time in the reaction NO2 + CO → NO + CO2 . The average rate over the time interval from 50 to 150 seconds is obtained by dividing the change in NO concentration by the duration of the interval (green box). The instantaneous rate 150 seconds after the start of the reaction is found by calculating the slope of the line tangent to the curve at that point (red box)
NO + CO2NO2 + CO△c(NO)dc(NO)r(NO) = limdt△t△t>0
t c t c r t d (NO) d (NO) (NO) lim 0 = = → NO2 + CO NO + CO2