时域离散信号的表示 ■用图形表示 口直观 0.5 (u)Lex 0 -0.5 6 口为了醒目,在每一条竖线的顶端加一个小黑点。 12
时域离散信号的表示 用图形表示 直观 0.5 1 -0.5 0 xaT(n) -4 -2 0 2 4 6 -1 n 为了醒目,在每一条竖线的顶端加一个小黑点。 12
Matlab语言中的序列表示 t=-0.025:0.001:0.025: xat=0.9*sin(50*pi*t); (ex subplot(2,1,1); 0.5 plot(t,xat);axis(-0.025,0.03,-1,1])i xlabel('t');ylabel('xat(t)'); 002500200150.010.00500.0050.010.0150.020.02 T=0.005;n=-5:5; xaT=0.9*sin(50*pi*n*T); 0.5 subplot(2,1,2); (u)Lex stem(n,xaT,'.");axis([-5,6,-1,1]); xlabel('n');ylabel('xaT(n)); STEM(Y)plots the data sequence Y as stems from the x axis terminated with circles for the data value.If Y is a matrix then each column is plotted as a separate series. 13
Matlab 语言中的序列表示 t=-0.025:0.001:0.025; xat=0.9*sin(50*pi*t); subplot(2,1,1); plot(t,xat);axis([-0.025,0.03,-1,1]); xlabel('t'); ylabel('xat(t)'); T 0= 005; n .005; n=-5:5; xaT=0.9*sin(50*pi*n*T); subplot(2,1,2); stem(n,xaT,'.');axis([-5,6,-1,1]); xlabel( ) ( ( )) ('n');ylabel('xaT(n)'); STEM(Y) plots the data sequence Y as stems from the x axis STEM(Y) plots the data sequence Y as stems from the x axis terminated with circles for the data value. If Y is a matrix then each column is plotted as a separate series. 13
数字信号 ■数字信号与离散信号的区别? 口时间离散、幅度离散 例:时域离散信号x(n)=0.9sin50πnT -0<n<0 x(n)=.,0.0,0.6364,0.900,0.6364,0.0000,-0.6364,-0.9000,-0.6364,} 口用四位二进制数表示离散序列x)的幅度 口其中第一位表示符号位 口用x[]表示经过二进制编码后的信号 x[n=.,0.000,0.101,0.111,0.101,0.000,1.101,1.111,1.101,} 个 数字信号 14
数字信号 数字信号与离散信号的区别? 时间离散、幅度离散 例: 时域离散信号 x() { n ,0.0,0.6364,0.900,0.6364,0.0000, 0.6364, 0.9000, 0.6364, } x n nT n ( ) 0.9sin 50 用四位二进制数表示离散序列x(n)的幅度 其中第一位表示符号位 () { } 其中第 位表示 用x[n]表示经过二进制编码后的信号 x n[ ] { ,0.000, ,0.111, ,0.000, ,1.111 0.101 0.101 1.101 1.101 , , } 14 数字信号
数字信号 ■编码位数的选择 口将x[n]转换为十进制 x[n=.,0.000,0.101,0.111,0.101,0.000,1.101,1.111,1.101.} x[n=.,0.0,0.625,0.875,0.625,0.0,-0.625,-0.875,-0.625,} ◆存在误差 x(n)={.,0.0,0.6364,0.900,0.6364,0.0000,-0.6364,-0.9000-0.6364,} 口量化误差:幅度值上有误差,有损变换 与二进制编码位数有关 15
数字信号 编码位数的选择 将x[n]转换为十进制 { } x n[ ] { ,0.000, ,0.111, ,0.000, ,1.111 0.101 0.101 1.101 1.101 , , } 存在误差 x[ ] n { ,0.0, ,0.875, ,0.0, , 0.875 0.625 0.625 0.625 ,0.625, } x n( ) { ,0.0, ,0.900, ,0 0.6364 0.6364 0. .0000, , 0.9000, 6364 0.6364 , } 量化误差:幅度值上有误差,有损变换 与二进制编码位数有关 15
小结 ■时域离散信号的表示方法 ■问题: 口采样间隔如何确定? 口连续信号> 离散信号,是否有损变换? ■离散序列的二进制编码—> 数字信号 ■问题: 口是否有损变换? 口如何减少误差? 16
小结 时域离散信号的表示方法 问题: 采样间隔如何确定? 连续信号 离散信号,是否有损变换? 离散序列的二进制编码 数字信号 问题: 是否有损变换? 如何减少误差? 16