Causes 1 Primary renal diseases Primary glomerular diseases, Primary tubular diseases, Interstitial nephritis, et al 2 Secondary renal lesion Circulatory system diseases, immunity siseases, metabolic diseases, hematopathy, et al
6 Causes: 1 Primary renal diseases Primary glomerular diseases, Primary tubular diseases, Interstitial nephritis, et al. 2 Secondary renal lesion Circulatory system diseases, immunity siseases, metabolic diseases, hematopathy, et al
Basic manifestation of renal insufficiency 1 Glomerular dysfunction 2 Tubular dysfunction 3 Endocrine dysfunction
7 • 1 Glomerular dysfunction • 2 Tubular dysfunction • 3 Endocrine dysfunction Basic manifestation of renal insufficiency
1 Glomerular dysfunction ①GFR i blood flow L ii net filtration pressure L li Kf ·② Glomerular permselectivity
8 1 Glomerular dysfunction • ①GFR – ⅰblood flow – ⅱnet filtration pressure – ⅲ Kf • ② Glomerular permselectivity
Kidney H&E proximal tubules c <y macula densa capsular space h
9
2 Tubular dysfunction ① proximal tubule Renal glycosuria, aminoaciduria, renal tubular acidosis, hypophosphatemia ②| pop of Henle Hypotonic or isotonic urine, polyuria ③ dista| tubule Acid-base and electrolyte disorders, polyuria 10
10 2 Tubular dysfunction ①proximal tubule Renal glycosuria, aminoaciduria, renal tubular acidosis, hypophosphatemia ②loop of Henle Hypotonic or isotonic urine, polyuria ③distal tubule Acid-base and electrolyte disorders, polyuria