Pharmacokinetics ·Readily absorbed Opioid from Gl tract,nasal Nasal mucosa. e.g., heroin mucosa,lung, sniffing Intravenous application subcutaneous, -Mainlining" intramuscular,and intravenous route Distributed to breast Bronchial mucosa e.g.,opium smoking
Pharmacokinetics • Readily absorbed from GI tract, nasal mucosa, lung, subcutaneous, intramuscular, and intravenous route • Distributed to breast
Pharmacodynamics of opioid analgesics A.Mechanism of action
Pharmacodynamics of opioid analgesics A. Mechanism of action
Opiate receptors and opioid peptides ·1962,Zou Gang(邹冈)，morphine injected into periaqueductal gray matter(中脑导水管周围灰质)，sites of morphine action found ·1973,Snyder,radioligand binding(放 射配基结合)and autoradiography(放 射自显影)，opiate receptors found in brain 1975,enkephalins isolated Endorphins and dynorphins,..found
Opiate receptors and opioid peptides • 1962, Zou Gang（邹冈）, morphine injected into periaqueductal gray matter （中脑导水管周围灰质）, sites of morphine action found • 1973, Snyder, radioligand binding（放 射配基结合） and autoradiography（放 射自显影） , opiate receptors found in brain • 1975, enkephalins isolated • Endorphins and dynorphins, … found
Autoradiography an image on an x- ray film or nuclear emulsion produced by the pattern of decay emissions (e.g.,beta particles or gamma rays) from a distribution of a radioactive substance
Autoradiography an image on an xray film or nuclear emulsion produced by the pattern of decay emissions (e.g., beta particles or gamma rays) from a distribution of a radioactive substance
Receptor classification and functions ·μ(mu)receptor -Physical dependence Euphoria Analgesia (supraspinal) - Respiratory depression
Receptor classification and functions • μ (mu) receptor – Physical dependence – Euphoria – Analgesia (supraspinal) – Respiratory depression