MODERN MANAGEMENT 1.1 Human Management Technology "According to Y theory,managers hold four opposite assumptions: (1)Employees will regard work as natural as rest or entertainment; (2).If the employee makes,a commitment to the work,he can guide himselt and control himself; (3)Ordinary people can learn to accept or even take responsibility actively; (4)People generally have creative decision-making ability,not just the core characters of management
Modern ManageMent 1.1 Human Management Technology § According to Y theory, managers hold four opposite assumptions: § (1) Employees will regard work as natural as rest or entertainment; § (2) If the employee makes a commitment to the work, he can guide himself and control himself; § (3) Ordinary people can learn to accept or even take responsibility actively; § (4) People generally have creative decision-making ability, not just the core characters of management
MODERN MANAGEMENT 1.2 Skills of incentive oWe can define incentive by external behavior:the motivated people show greater efforts than those who are not,but such a definition is relative. Incentive is to motivate people the willingness to do something and is conditional,people need have the ability to act to meet individual certain needs. OIn our terminology,the term needs'means a physical and psychological lack that makes specific results attractive
Modern ManageMent 1.2 Skills of incentive lWe can define incentive by external behavior: the motivated people show greater efforts than those who are not, but such a definition is relative. lIncentive is to motivate people the willingness to do something and is conditional, people need have the ability to act to meet individual certain needs. lIn our terminology, the term ‘needs’ means a physical and psychological lack that makes specific results attractive
MODERN MANAGEMENT 1.3 The basic process of incentive OThe unmet needs produce a state of tension,which stimulates the internal driving force of an individual,which leads to the behavior of seeking specific goals. Employees are motivated and are in a state of tension,and in order to alleviate them,they will be busy working. So when we see employees working hard,we think that employees are driven by their desire to achieve their goals
Modern ManageMent 1.3 The basic process of incentive lThe unmet needs produce a state of tension, which stimulates the internal driving force of an individual, which leads to the behavior of seeking specific goals. lEmployees are motivated and are in a state of tension, and in order to alleviate them, they will be busy working. lSo when we see employees working hard, we think that employees are driven by their desire to achieve their goals
MODERN MANAGEMENT 1.4 Discussion on the basis of incentive theory eman some benavstaheor aumevel that the higher demand dominates individual behavior. "McGregor thinks that Y theory is more effective than X theory, such as participating in,decision-making,providing responsible and chaflenging work,building harmonious group relations,etc. Upfortunately,no evidence to prove which hypothesis is more effective
Modern ManageMent 1.4 Discussion on the basis of incentive theory § In McGregor ' s analysis, the X theory assumes that the low-level demand dominates individual behavior, and Y theory assumes that the higher demand dominates individual behavior. § McGregor thinks that Y theory is more effective than X theory, § such as participating in decision-making, providing responsible and challenging work, building harmonious group relations, etc. Unfortunately, no evidence to prove which hypothesis is more effective
MODERN MANAGEMENT 2.Types of incentive theory ●four categories: Ocontent based incentive theory Oprocess incentive theory obehavior correction incentive theory Ocomprehensive incentive theory
Modern ManageMent 2. Types of incentive theory lcontent based incentive theory lprocess incentive theory lbehavior correction incentive theory lcomprehensive incentive theory