Classification and major properties of fungi Fungi Hyphae Representives Sexual spore Zygomycetes Non -septate Mucor毛霉 Zygospore 接合菌纲 无隔菌丝 Rhizopus:根霉 接合孢子 Ascomycetes Septate Neurospora)脉孢菌 Ascospore 子囊菌纲 Saccharomyces 子囊孢子 酵母 Basidiomyctes Septate Agaricus;伞菌 Basidiospore 担子菌纲 amanita,.毒伞肽菌 担孢子 Deuteromycetes Septate Aspergillus;曲霉 Not found 半知菌类 Penicillium青霉
Fungi Hyphae Representives Sexual spore Zygomycetes 接合菌纲 Non -septate 无隔菌丝 Mucor 毛霉 Rhizopus根霉 Zygospore 接合孢子 Ascomycetes 子囊菌纲 Septate Neurospora脉孢菌 Saccharomyces 酵母 Ascospore 子囊孢子 Basidiomyctes 担子菌纲 Septate Agaricus;伞菌 amanita，毒伞肽菌 Basidiospore 担孢子 Deuteromycetes 半知菌类 Septate Aspergillus;曲霉 Penicillium青霉 Not found Classification and major properties of fungi
Table 14.2 Classification and major properties of fungia Common Typical Type of Common Group name Hyphae representatives sexual spore Habitats diseases Ascomycetes Sac fungi Septate Neurospora, Ascospore Soil,decaying Dutch elm, Saccharomyces, plant material chestnut blight, Morchella ergot,rots (morels) Basidiomycetes Club fungi, Septate Amanita Basidiospore Soil,decaying Black stem, mushrooms (poisonous plant material wheat rust, mushroom), corn smut Agaricus (edible mushroom) Zygomycetes Bread molds Coenocytic Mucor,Rhizopus Zygospore Soil,decaying Food spoilage; (common bread plant material rarely involved mold) in parasitic disease Oomycetes Water molds Coenocytic Allomyces Oospore Aquatic Potato blight, certain fish diseases Deuteromycetes Fungi Septate Penicillium, None known Soil,decaying Plant wilt, imperfecti Aspergillus, plant material, infections of Candida surfaces of animals such animal bodies as ringworm, athlete's foot, surface or systemic infections (Candida） With the exception of the Oomycetes,which are phylogenetically distinct,the other groups of fungi are closely related(see Figure 14.20).See photos of many of the organisms listed here in Figures 14.30-14.34. Table 14-2 Brock Biology of Microorganisms 11/e 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall,Inc
)Oospores(卵孢子)：are formed within a special female structure,.the oogonium(藏卵器).Fertilization of eggs,or oospheres(卵球)，by male gametes in an antheridium(雄器)give rise to oospores. Oogonium藏卵器 Antheridium雄器 Oospheres卵球 Oospores formation Oospores卵孢子 Sexual spores
1) Oospores （卵孢子）: are formed within a special female structure, the oogonium(藏卵器). Fertilization of eggs, or oospheres (卵球), by male gametes in an antheridium (雄器) give rise to oospores. Antheridium雄器 Oospheres卵球 Oospores卵孢子 Oogonium藏卵器 Oospores formation Sexual spores
2)Zygospores接合孢子 Hypha of- are large,thick-walled mating type Hypha of mating type spores formed when the tips of two sexually compatible hyphae of Gametangia certain fungi fuse together. (n) Zygote (2n) Zygospore (2n) Sexual spores
2) Zygospores接合孢子 are large, thick-walled spores formed when the tips of two sexually compatible hyphae of certain fungi fuse together. Sexual spores
3)Ascospores-子囊孢子：these single-celled spores are produced in a sac called an ascus.There are usually 8 ascospores in each ascus. Various ascocarps formed by different ascomycete fungi. Plectomycetes Pyrenomycetes Discomycetes Plectocarp Pyrenocarp Discocarp 槌形子囊果 子囊壳 盘状子囊果 Sexual spores
3) Ascospores子囊孢子：these single-celled spores are produced in a sac called an ascus子囊. There are usually 8 ascospores in each ascus. Various ascocarps formed by different ascomycete fungi. Plectocarp 槌形子囊果 Pyrenocarp 子囊壳 Discocarp 盘状子囊果 Sexual spores