18.10.2 Fungal Reproduction and Phylogeny ©Most fungi reproduce by asexual means(three forms)无性生殖 ·Growth and spread of hyphal filaments菌丝繁殖 ·Asexual production of spores无性孢子 ·Simple cell division(budding yeasts)单细胞分裂 Some fungi produce spores as a result of sexual reproduction 有性生殖 0 Sexual spores can originate from the fusion of two haploid cells to form a diploid cell (ascospores,basidiospores,zygospores) Spores are resistant to drying,heating,freezing,chemicals Chen Feng.Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Chen Feng, Shanghai Jiao Tong University 18.10.2 Fungal Reproduction and Phylogeny Most fungi reproduce by asexual means (three forms) 无性生殖 • Growth and spread of hyphal filaments 菌丝繁殖 • Asexual production of spores无性孢子 • Simple cell division (budding yeasts) 单细胞分裂 Some fungi produce spores as a result of sexual reproduction 有性生殖 • Sexual spores can originate from the fusion of two haploid cells to form a diploid cell (ascospores, basidiospores, zygospores) • Spores are resistant to drying, heating, freezing, chemicals
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2012 Pearson Education,Inc
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Fungal Reproduction and Phylogeny Fungi share a more recent common ancestor with animals than any other group of eukaryotic organisms 与动物界有更近的亲缘关系 Estimated that fungi and animals diverged 1.5 billion years ago Earliest fungal lineage is thought to be chytridiomycetes壶菌纲 Chen Feng.Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Chen Feng, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Fungal Reproduction and Phylogeny Fungi share a more recent common ancestor with animals than any other group of eukaryotic organisms 与动物界有更近的亲缘关系 Estimated that fungi and animals diverged 1.5 billion years ago Earliest fungal lineage is thought to be chytridiomycetes壶菌纲
Chytridiomycetes 壶菌纲 Batrachochytrium Zygomycetes 壶菌纲 Rhizopus Glomeromycetes Glomus 球囊菌纲 Ascomycetes Saccharomyces 子囊菌纲 Basidiomycetes Amanita 担子菌纲 2012 Pearson Education,Inc
Chytridiomycetes Zygomycetes Glomeromycetes Ascomycetes Basidiomycetes Batrachochytrium Rhizopus Glomus Saccharomyces Amanita © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 壶菌纲 壶菌纲 球囊菌纲 子囊菌纲 担子菌纲
Types of sexual spores Major classes of fungi ■ Oospores(卵孢子) Oomycetes卵菌纲 ■Zygospores(接合孢子) Zygomycetes接合菌纲 ■Ascospores(子囊孢子) Ascomycetes子囊菌纲 Basidiospores(担孢子) Basdiomycetes担子菌纲 Deuteromycetes半知菌类
Types of sexual spores Oospores（卵孢子） Zygospores（接合孢子） Ascospores（子囊孢子） Basidiospores（担孢子） Oomycetes卵菌纲 Zygomycetes接合菌纲 Ascomycetes子囊菌纲 Basdiomycetes担子菌纲 Deuteromycetes半知菌类 Major classes of fungi