physical Chemistry Multicomponent Phase Chapter 12 Multicomponent phase Equilibrium
1 Chapter 12 Multicomponent Phase Equilibrium Physical Chemistry Multicomponent Phase
Physical Chemistr Multicomponent Phase Two-component solid-liquid equilibrium liquid-phase miscibility and solid-phase immiscibility Bc Freezing points of b&C T R Fig 12.19 Curve AFGE liquid solution e Freezing-point-depression S )of B+C curve of c due to solute B H G D Crve①E 2 1.s.+C(s)I S e Freezing-point-depression K E/ B(S curve of b due to solute c Pointe The eutectic point s solid b+solid C ta The eutectic temperature 0 XB BB imple eutectic system B
2 Two-component solid-liquid equilibrium * TB * TC Freezing points of B & C Curve AFGE S solid B+solid C K H F R liquid solution (l.s.) of B+C G E D * TB * TC T1 T2 T3 T xB ' B x '' B x l.s.+ B(s) l.s.+C(s) ''' B 0 x 1 I Fig. 12.19 A Freezing-point-depression curve of C due to solute B Curve DE Freezing-point-depression curve of B due to solute C Point E The eutectic point T3 The eutectic temperature Liquid-phase miscibility and solid-phase immiscibility Simple eutectic system Physical Chemistry Multicomponent Phase
Physical Chemistry Multicomponent Phase Example Cd-Bi二元相图 96 A546 熔化物(单相) C eutectic 下|B+熔化粉、 point 熔化物+Cd 413 B E D G K 020.40.60.8 B Cd的质量分数 100%1 100% Pure Bi eutectic mixture Pure Cd
3 Cd-Bi二元相图 Physical Chemistry Multicomponent Phase Pure Bi eutectic mixture Pure Cd Example eutectic point
二组分固态部分互熔,液态完全互溶系统的液固平衡相图 具有低共熔点的熔点-组成图 350 CED--Sa(A+B)+Sp(A+B)+IE(A+B C 327读图要点: 300 I(A+B) ①点、线、区的含义 250 AtB) 2w/A+B)n/(A+B②对比二组分液态部分 0.71 互溶系统的沸点-组成图 (A+B) 00110.26 150 ③理解三相平衡线的含义 sa(a+B)+sB(a+B) 096 G 0.00.2040.60.810 Sn(a) Pb(B) Sn(A)-Pb(B)系统的熔点组成图
4 二组分固态部分互熔，液态完全互溶系统的液固平衡相图 读图要点： ① 点、线、区的含义 ②对比二组分液态部分 互溶系统的沸点-组成图 ③理解三相平衡线的含义 CED — s(A+B)+ s (A+B)+lE (A+B) 具有低共熔点的熔点-组成图 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 300 250 150 200 Sn(A) Pb(B) xB l(A+B) t/℃ l(A+B) C D E 350 s (A+B) + s (A+B) s(A+B)+ s (A+B) s(A+B) * A t * B t 327 232 0.011 0.26 0.71 F 0.96 G Sn(A) - Pb(B)系统的熔点-组成图 • • • • • • •
0.00.2040.60.81.0 ℃[P=常数 120 B20.58 g(A+B tre 100 (A+B)=l(A+B) B 327 E D 00 I(A+B) 80L/A la(A+B)→b(A+B) I(A+B) A 60 200Lc E/ SB(A+B)n/sB(A+B F G 0.71 00110.26 0.00.20.40.60.8 0 150s(A+B) H,O(A n-CAHOOH(B sa(a+B)+ SB(A+B) 0.96 000.2040.60.81.0 Pb(b)
5 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 * B t * A t g(A+B) H2O(A) wB n-C4H9OH(B) wB t/℃ 120 100 60 80 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 l (A+B) l (A+B) P1=常数 wB=0.58 l (A+B) l (A+B) F G C E D g(A+B) l (A+B) • • • • • • 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 300 250 150 200 Sn(A) Pb(B) xB l(A+B) t/℃ l(A+B) C D E 350 s (A+B) + s (A+B) s(A+B)+ s (A+B) s(A+B) * A t * B t 327 232 0.011 0.26 0.71 F 0.96 G • • • • • • •