Physical Chemistry Multicomponent Phase Two-component solid-liquid equilibrium Liquid-phase miscibility and solid-phase miscibility Solid solutions Interstitial solid solution Formed by substances with small atoms or molecules occupying interstices(holes)in the crystal structure of another substance Substitutional solid solution Formed by substances with atoms. molecules. or ions of similar size and structure
6 Two-component solid-liquid equilibrium Solid solutions Liquid-phase miscibility and solid-phase miscibility Interstitial solid solution Substitutional solid solution Formed by substances with atoms, molecules, or ions of similar size and structure. Formed by substances with small atoms or molecules occupying interstices (holes) in the crystal structure of another substance. Physical Chemistry Multicomponent Phase
Physical Chemistry Multicomponent Phase e Two-component solid-liquid equilibrium Liquid-phase miscibility and solid-phase miscibility T Fig.1220 Same pairs of substances are com npletely miscible in the solid state liquid solution(ls) e When the two miscible solids form an approximately ideal ● solid solution Compared to Fig. 12.12 solid solution
7 Two-component solid-liquid equilibrium Liquid-phase miscibility and solid-phase miscibility solid solution liquid solution (l.s.) T xNi 0 1 Fig. 12.20 Cu Ni Same pairs of substances are completely miscible in the solid state. When the two miscible solids form an approximately ideal solid solution Compared to Fig. 12.12 Physical Chemistry Multicomponent Phase
Physical Chemistry Multicomponent Phase Two-component solid-liquid equilibrium Liquid-phase miscibility and solid-phase partialmiscibility When the two miscible solids form a solid solution, but there are large deviations from ideality Melt Liquid solution (melt) Solid solution 313 Solid solution 43 p-CBHalCl B d-C1oH14=NOH A-C1oH:4=NOH Showing a minimum Showing a maximum
8 Two-component solid-liquid equilibrium Liquid-phase miscibility and solid-phase partial miscibility When the two miscible solids form a solid solution, but there are large deviations from ideality. Solid solution Liquid solution (melt) Solid solution Melt Showing a minimum Showing a maximum Physical Chemistry Multicomponent Phase
Physical Chemistry Multicomponent Phase a Two-component solid-liquid equilibrium t Liquid-phase miscibility and solid-phase partial miscibility Liquid solution (Is) a phase Phase- Solid ag saturated with cu transition loop β phase 1.s.+B Solid cu saturated with ag + Miscibility gap 1 Fig 12.22 g
9 Ag Cu 0 1 Two-component solid-liquid equilibrium Liquid-phase miscibility and solid-phase partial miscibility Liquid solution (l.s.) + l.s. + l.s.+ Miscibility gap Phasetransition loop phase Solid Ag saturated with Cu phase Solid Cu saturated with Ag Physical Chemistry Multicomponent Phase Fig. 12.22
physical Chemistry Multicomponent Phase S a peritectic phase transition is one where heating transforms a e solid phase to a liquid phase plus a second solid phase S(A+B)1200℃ Sp(A+B)+lE t/℃C The peritectic temperature I(A+B) B 1200C 1772 1600 I(A+B) f=3-0+2=1 1200 E/HC SB(A+B) D .P is fixed, /=0 961 800}A Sa(AtB)\+ Sa(atB) F ECD-IE(A+B) 9(A+B)2 +sa(atB 0.00.20.40.60.81.0 SB(A+B) Ag(A) P(B)10
10 s (A+B) 1200 ℃ s (A+B) + lE ECD — lE (A+B) +s (A+B) + s (A+B) The peritectic temperature: 1200 oC A peritectic phase transition is one where heating transforms a solid phase to a liquid phase plus a second solid phase: 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 2000 1600 800 1200 Ag(A) Pt(B) xB l(A+B) t/℃ l(A+B) C D E s (A+B) + s(A+B) s(A+B) * A t * B t 1772 961 G F + s (A+B) s (A+B) f = 3－φ＋2 = 1 H P is fixed, f = 0 Physical Chemistry Multicomponent Phase