Multicomponent Phase Chapter 12 Multicomponent phase Equilibrium
1 Chapter 12 Multicomponent Phase Equilibrium Physical Chemistry Multicomponent Phase
Physical Chemistry A Student's Question Question and Answering P我昨天晚上看了第9章的38题,想到了 个问题,在2种组分的理想混合溶液中, 种组分所占整个体系的摩尔分数与它的 2蒸汽所占整个体系气体的摩尔分数和它的 液态部分所占整个体系液态部分的摩尔分 数之间有什么关系?也就是与和者 有什么关系?是不是x=2但好细想 又不对
2 Question and Answering Physical Chemistry A Student’s Question 我昨天晚上看了第9章的38题，想到了一 个问题，在2种组分的理想混合溶液中， 一种组分所占整个体系的摩尔分数与它的 蒸汽所占整个体系气体的摩尔分数和它的 液态部分所占整个体系液态部分的摩尔分 数之间有什么关系？也就是 与 和 三者 有什么关系？是不是 ？但仔细想 又不对！ v i l i x = x + x i i x v i x l i x Question:
Physical Chemistry A Student's Question Question and Answering 5m2 Raoult's law: P=PA+PB=PAxA+PBxB Dalton,'s Law: PA=PxA Case(3) PD= P B B x;=x+x Case(1) Case(2) P B A B x B
3 Question and Answering Physical Chemistry A Student’s Question Raoult’s Law: v i l i x = x + x i l B o B l A o A A P = P + P = P x + P x B v PB = PxB v PA = PxA Answers. Dalton’s Law: A B B → x o PB o PA Case (1) Case (2) Case (3)
Physical Chemistr Multicomponent Phase Colligative Properties Colligative propertiesstem from the reduction of the chemical potential of the liquid solvent as a result of the presence of solute (1) The solute is not volatile (2)The solute does not dissolve in the solid solvent Vapor-pressure lowering Colligative Freezing-point depression Properties Boiling-point elevation Osmotic pressure
4 Colligative Properties Colligative propertiesstem from the reduction of the chemical potential of the liquid solvent as a result of the presence of solute. Colligative Properties Vapor-pressure lowering Freezing-point depression Boiling-point elevation Osmotic pressure (1) The solute is not volatile (2) The solute does not dissolve in the solid solvent Physical Chemistry Multicomponent Phase
Physical Chemistr Multicomponent Phase Colligative Properties Vapor-pressure lowering AP/torr 0 y nonvolatile solute (12.1) △P=P nonvolatile solute (12.2) (No contribution to the vapor) e If the solution is very dilute, LAI 0 x(sucrose)0.1 Fig.12.1 △P=P-P ideally dilute solution, nonvolatile solute (12.3)5
5 Colligative Properties Vapor-pressure lowering * A A PA P P xA = = * A A * A P = P − P = ( A x −1)P PA /torr x (sucrose) 0 -4 0 0.1 Fig. 12.1 nonvolatile solute (12.1) nonvolatile solute (12.2) (No contribution to the vapor) If the solution is very dilute, A 1 * A A * A P = P − P = (x −1)P ideally dilute solution, nonvolatile solute (12.3) Physical Chemistry Multicomponent Phase