Etiologic classification of diabetes mellitus(2) D Endocrinopathies 1. Acromegaly 2. Cushing s syndrome Glucagonoma 4. Pheochromocytoma 5. Hyperthyroidism 6. Somatostatinoma 7. Aldosteronoma 8. Others E. Drud-or chemical-induced 1. Acor 2. Pentamidine 3 Nicotinic acid 4, Glucocorticoid 5. Thyroid hormone 6. Diazoxide 7. B-adrenergic agonists 8. Thiazides 9. Dilantin 10. a-Interferon 11. Others F Infections 1. Congenital rubella 2. Cytomegalovirus 3. Others
Etiologic classification of diabetes mellitus(2) D. Endocrinopathies 1. Acromegaly 2. Cushing’s syndrome 3. Glucagonoma 4. Pheochromocytoma 5. Hyperthyroidism 6. Somatostatinoma 7. Aldosteronoma 8. Others E. Drud-or chemical-induced 1. Vacor 2. Pentamidine 3. Nicotinic acid 4. Glucocorticoid 5. Thyroid hormone 6. Diazoxide 7. -adrenergic agonists 8. Thiazides 9. Dilantin 10. -Interferon 11. Others F. Infections 1. Congenital rubella 2. Cytomegalovirus 3. Others
Etiologic classification of diabetes mellitus( 3) G Uncommon forms of immune- mediated diabetes 1.“stif-man” syndrome 2. Anti-insulin receptorantibodies 3. Others H Other genetic syndromes sometimes associated with diabetes 1. Down' s syndrome 2. Klinefelter's syndrome 3. Turner's syndrome 4. Wolfram's syndrome 5. Friedreich' s ataxia 6. Huntington' s chorea 7. Laurence-moon-Biedl syndrome 8. Myotonic dystrophy 9. Porphyria 10. Prader-Willi syndrome 11. Others IV. Gestational diabetes mellitus( GDM) Patients with any form of diabetes may require insulin treatment at some stage of their disease. Such use of insulin dose not, of itself, classify the patient
Etiologic classification of diabetes mellitus(3) G. Uncommon forms of immune-mediated diabetes 1. “Stiff-man” syndrome 2. Anti-insulin receptor antibodies 3. Others H. Other genetic syndromes sometimes associated with diabetes 1. Down’s syndrome 2. Klinefelter’s syndrome 3. Turner’s syndrome 4. Wolfram’s syndrome 5. Friedreich’s ataxia 6. Huntington’s chorea 7. Laurence-moon-Biedl syndrome 8. Myotonic dystrophy 9. Porphyria 10. Prader-Willi syndrome 11. Others IV. Gestational diabetes mellitus ( GDM ) Patients with any form of diabetes may require insulin treatment at some stage of their disease. Such use of insulin dose not, of itself, classify the patient
Type 1 DM Generally <30 years Rapid onset Moderate to severe symptoms Significant weight loss Lean Ketonuria or keto-acidosis Low fasting or post-prandial C-peptide Immune markers(anti-GAD, ICA, IA-2)
Type 1 DM Generally <30 years Rapid onset Moderate to severe symptoms Significant weight loss Lean Ketonuria or keto-acidosis Low fasting or post-prandial C-peptide Immune markers(anti-GAD,ICA,IA-2)