Hypertension Concept: systemic blood pressure increased, target organ damaged (brain, heart, eye, kidney, vessel), metabolism changed Essential hypertension(ET): unknown cause 95%, hypertensive disease Secondary hypertension(ST): known cause, 1 5%
Hypertension • Concept: systemic blood pressure increased, target organ damaged(brain,heart , eye, kidney, vessel), metabolism changed • Essential hypertension(ET): unknown cause, 95% ，hypertensive disease. • Secondary hypertension(ST): known cause, 1- 5%
Epidemiology Incidence increasing rapidly, 11.26% in >15years old in China in 1999 incidence different among race, age, sex, area(y 南北,高原,发达地区等) 知晓率,服药率,控制率 lower
Epidemiology • Incidence increasing rapidly, 11.26% in >15years old in China in 1999 • incidence different among race, age,sex, area(城乡， 南北，高原，发达地区等） • 知晓率，服药率，控制率 lower
中国高血压的现状和流行趋势 199普查 患病率1126%;10年上升25% 90年代初有高血压患者9500万 目前预计>1亿 998年 脑血管病居城市居民死亡原因第二位, 农村居首位, 脑卒中的主要危险因素为高血压 伴随 糖尿病患病率;吸烟率↑; 超重↑;冠心病↑
中国高血压的现状和流行趋势 • 1999年普查 - 患病率 11.26%; 10年上升 25% - 90年代初有高血压患者9500万 - 目前预计> 1亿 • 1998年 - 脑血管病居城市居民死亡原因第二位， 农村居首位， - 脑卒中的主要危险因素为高血压 • 伴随 - 糖尿病患病率 ； 吸烟率 ； 超重 ； 冠心病
Pathogenesis of Hypertension Hereditary and gene hypothesis: 20-40% population have hereditary tendency candidate hypertensive gene 5-8 .Environmental factors hypoweight, overweight, high salt diet drunk
Pathogenesis of Hypertension • Hereditary and gene hypothesis： 20-40% population have hereditary tendency candidate hypertensive gene 5-8 • Environmental factors： hypoweight，overweight, high salt diet, drunk
Pathophysiology of Hypertension Psychological and psychopathic factors Renin -angiotensin aldosterone system(RAAS) Sodium and hypertension Abnormality of vascular endothelium (ET, NO Angll, PG12, etc) Insulin resistance revascularization other (obesity, smoking, drinking, hypocalcium, hypomagnesium, hypopotassium)
Pathophysiology of Hypertension • Psychological and psychopathic factors • Renin –angiotensin aldosterone system（RAAS） • Sodium and hypertension • Abnormality of vascular endothelium（ET，NO， AngII, PGI2, etc) • Insulin resistance • revascularization • other（obesity，smoking，drinking，hypocalcium, hypomagnesium, hypopotassium）