OrganismsThe most common:: Staph.aureus .(90% of causes in infants &children): Strept.pneuomonie.H.influenzae
Organisms The most common: • Staph.aureus .(90% of causes in infants & children) • Strept.pneuomonie. • H.influenzae
Pathological Stages: Acute (exudative) stage:Pleura fills with thin fluid that shows oneor more of these criteria;Ph < 7.4Glucose <40 mg/dlLDH> 1000 iu/dlProtein > 2.5 gm/dlSp.gravity >1.018
Pathological Stages • Acute (exudative) stage: Pleura fills with thin fluid that shows one or more of these criteria; Ph < 7.4 Glucose <40 mg/dl LDH> 1000 iu/dl Protein > 2.5 gm/dl Sp.gravity >1.018
Stages (cont.): Fibrinopurulent stage:Thick, Opaque fluid with positive culture(pus) and Deposition of thin fibrin layerover the pleura.Progressive loculation and formation ofpouches in the pleura
Stages (cont.) • Fibrinopurulent stage: Thick, Opaque fluid with positive culture (pus) and Deposition of thin fibrin layer over the pleura. Progressive loculation and formation of pouches in the pleura
Stages (cont.): Organizing Stage:Presence of very thick pus .Thick Inelaastic peel over both pleuraecausing entrapment of the lung
Stages (cont.) • Organizing Stage: Presence of very thick pus . Thick Inelaastic peel over both pleurae causing entrapment of the lung
Clinicalstages: Acute stage:within the first 2 weeks of the onsetChronic Stageafter 2 weeks or with the formation of thethick peel and loculations
Clinical stages • Acute stage : within the first 2 weeks of the onset. • Chronic Stage : after 2 weeks or with the formation of the thick peel and loculations