Chapter 24.Stomach and Duodenum Diseases
Chapter 24. Stomach and Duodenum Diseases
Sections.Section 1. Anatomy.1.1GrossAnatomy:1.2 Blood Supply★★★· 1.3 Nerve Supply ★★:1.4Lymphatic Drainage·Section 2. Physiology:2.1Motility.2.2Gastric Juice:2.3MucosalResistance
Sections • Section 1. Anatomy • 1.1 Gross Anatomy • 1.2 Blood Supply ★★★ • 1.3 Nerve Supply ★★ • 1.4 Lymphatic Drainage • Section 2. Physiology • 2.1 Motility • 2.2 Gastric Juice • 2.3 Mucosal Resistance
1.1GROSS ANATOMY·The Cardia islocated at theEsophagusgastroesophagealjunction.Fundus.TheFundus istheportionofthestomachCardiathat lies cephaladtothegastroesophagealjunction.LesserTheCorpus/BodyisthecapaciouscentralcurvatureBodypart; division of the corpus from the pyloricPylorusantrumismarkedapproximatelybytheGreaterangularincisure,acreaseonthelessercurvaturecurvature just proximalto the"crow's-foot"Duodenumterminations ofthe nerves of LatarjetPyloricThePylorusistheboundarybetweenthestomachandtheduodenum.antrum
1.1 GROSS ANATOMY • The Cardia is located at the gastroesophageal junction. • The Fundus is the portion of the stomach that lies cephalad to the gastroesophageal junction. • The Corpus / Body is the capacious central part; division of the corpus from the pyloric antrum is marked approximately by the angular incisure, a crease on the lesser curvature just proximal to the "crow's-foot" terminations of the nerves of Latarjet. • The Pylorus is the boundary between the stomach and the duodenum
1.1 GROSS ANATOMYThecardiacglandarealocatesattheGastric pitgastroesophagealjunction.ItcontainsprincipallySurfacemucouscellsmucus-secretingcells,thoughafewparietal cellsaresometimespresent.Parietal cellsIsthmusTheoxynticglandareaistheportioncontainingparietal (oxyntic)cells and chief cellsMucousneckcellsNeckThepyloricglandareaconstitutesthedistal30%ofthestomachandcontainstheGcellsthatArgentaffincellsmanufacturegastrin.MucouscellsarecommonintheBaseoxynticandpyloricglandareas.ChiefcellsGastricgland
1.1 GROSS ANATOMY • The cardiac gland area locates at the gastroesophageal junction. It contains principally mucus-secreting cells, though a few parietal cells are sometimes present. • The oxyntic gland area is the portion containing parietal (oxyntic) cells and chief cells. • The pyloric gland area constitutes the distal 30% of the stomach and contains the G cells that manufacture gastrin. Mucous cells are common in the oxyntic and pyloric gland areas
1.1 GROSS ANATOMYCELLTYPELOCATIONFUNCTIONSurfaceepitheliumBodyParietalSecretionof acidandintrinsicfactorGastricpitsMucusBody,antrumMucusChiefBodyPepsinSurface epithelialDiffuseMucus,bicarbonate,prostaglandins)BodyEnterochromaffin-likeHistamineGAntrumGastrinDBody,antrumSomatostatinLymphoidGastricmucosalBody,antrumGastrin-releasingnoduleinterneuronspeptideGastricglandsSubmucosaDiffuseCalcitonin gene-relatedEntericneuronsLaminaMuscularispeptide,otherspropriamucosaeSerosaBodyGhrelinEndocrinemucosaeSmoothmusclelayers
1.1 GROSS ANATOMY