OxidativePhosphorylationFree Energy of Electron Transfer
Oxidative Phosphorylation Free Energy of Electron Transfer
Introduction· Living cells save up metabolic energy predominantlyintheform offats and carbohydrates.. They “spend" this energy for biosynthesis, membranetransport, and movement.? In both directions, energy is exchanged andtransferred in the form of ATP
Introduction • Living cells save up metabolic energy predominantly in the form of fats and carbohydrates. • They “spend” this energy for biosynthesis, membrane transport, and movement. • In both directions, energy is exchanged and transferred in the form of ATP
Introduction· Glycolysis and the TCA cycle convert some of the energy available fromstored and dietary sugars directly toATP? However, most of the metabolic energy that is obtainable from substratesentering glycolysis and the TCA cycle is funneled via oxidation-reductionreactions into NADH and FADH,.The cells oxidize NADH and FADH, and convert their reducing potentialinto the chemical energy of ATP, which is named as OxidativePhosphorylation
Introduction • Glycolysis and the TCA cycle convert some of the energy available from stored and dietary sugars directly to ATP. • However, most of the metabolic energy that is obtainable from substrates entering glycolysis and the TCA cycle is funneled via oxidation-reduction reactions into NADH and FADH2. • The cells oxidize NADH and FADH2 and convert their reducing potential into the chemical energy of ATP, which is named as Oxidative Phosphorylation
An Overview: Electron Transport: Electrons carried byreduced coenzymes (NADH and FADH)are passed through a chain of proteins andcoenzymes to drive the generation of aproton gradient across the innermitochondrialmembranePhosphorylation: The proton gradientruns downhill to drive the synthesis ofATP.It all happens in or at the innermitochondrialmembrane
An Overview • Electron Transport: Electrons carried by reduced coenzymes (NADH and FADH2) are passed through a chain of proteins and coenzymes to drive the generation of a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. • Phosphorylation: The proton gradient runs downhill to drive the synthesis of ATP. • It all happens in or at the inner mitochondrial membrane
Defining Ox-PhosOxidative>Process that involves electron extraction.> Electrons passed through ETS and ultimately to terminalelectron acceptor.>Generates energy and pumps protons.Phosphorylation> Synthesis ofATPfromADP+P;> Converts energy stored as proton gradient into energy storedinchemical bondV This is in contrast to substrate-level phosphorylation(as in glycolysis)
Defining Ox-Phos Oxidative Process that involves electron extraction. Electrons passed through ETS and ultimately to terminal electron acceptor. Generates energy and pumps protons. Phosphorylation Synthesis of ATP from ADP + Pi Converts energy stored as proton gradient into energy stored in chemical bond This is in contrast to substrate-level phosphorylation (as in glycolysis)