There are genetic processes that rearrange DNA sequences and thus lead to a more dynamic genome structure

All DNA is recombinant DNA. Genetic exchange works constantly to blend and rearrange chromosomes, most obviously during meiosis, when homologous chromosomes pair prior to the

Molecular Biology course CHAPTER 9: The mutability and repair of DNA

CATER 8 The replication of wa Teaching Arrangement Watch animation-Understand replication

Part l: Maintenance of the genome Dedicated to the structure of NA and the processes that propagate, maintain and alter it from one cell generation to the next

Molecular Biology of the Gene, 5/E---Watson et al. (2004) Part I: Chemistry and genetics Part l: Maintenance of the Genome Part I: Expression of the Genome Part IV: Regulation Part v: Methods

Cloning vectors: 克隆载体 to clone a gene in a vector Expression vectors: 表达载体 to express a gene from a vector Integration vectors: 整合载体 to integrate a gene in a genome through a vector Cloning vectors 1 Plasmid vecters 2 Bacteriophage vectors 3 Cosmids & BACs 4 Eukaryotic vectors Cloning vectors: allowing the exogenous DNA to be inserted, stored, and manipulated mainly at DNA level. expression vectors: allowing the exogenous DNA to be inserted, stored, and expressed

一、疾病概念 疾病(disease)是指机体在一定条件下,受到一 定病因的损伤性作用后,因自稳调节紊乱而发生的 异常生命活动过程

致病因素与疾病经过的关系是很复杂的,最常 见的形式有以下几种: 只对疾病的发生起作用 致病因素只对疾病的发生起发动作用,引起机 体损害后即行消失,并不参与疾病的发展,但疾 病仍按其自身规律继续发展,甚至往往引起严重 后果。 如机械力引起创伤、高温引起烧伤以及低温引 起冻伤等

任何疾病都是由一定的原因作用于机体而引起的 ,不存在没有原因的疾病。祖国医学早就指出:“ 百病之生各有其因,因有所感,各显其症”,以此 强调病因与疾病之间的因果关系。 病因的研究非常重要,因为它不仅和疾病的诊断 有关,还关系到疾病的防治。因此,基础、临床和 流行病学都很重视病因的研究。流行病学是从预防 和控制疾病、促进健康出发,从群体水平去探讨疾 病病因及其作用机理