(c)Insertion CTCAAGCATGG AGAGTITICG TCCA (d) Inversion Site of inversion ITCITCIG C A TGG TAGGT 3 A GAGCGTACCATCCA 5" 5-TACIC AITI 3 GC G ACIGICL5 3 CITTA C CATGCGGGT AGAAITIGGTAICIGCC CA 5
(e) Reciprocal translocation Chromosome 1 Chromosome 2 Translocation 配删
Various causes of mutations Spontaneous Mutagen induced
Various causes of mutations • Spontaneous • Mutagen induced
Number of Number of Mutation Locus gametes tested mutations rate(X10 a(albino) 67.395 3 44.5 b(brown) 919699 3 3.3 (n onaga 150.391 5 33.2 d (dilute) 839.447 10 11.9 In(leaden) 243,444 16.4 2,220.376 25 11.2(average) a Mutation is from wildtype to the recessive allele shown Figure 6.3 Rates of spontaneous mutation (a) mutant mouse
Factors for variation of mutation rates Organisms Gene size Susceptibility of gene to functional disruption Gene sequence
Factors for Variation of mutation rates • Organisms • Gene size • Susceptibility of gene to functional disruption • Gene sequence