H咪唑六氢吡啶CH3CH2—N—C12H25BrCH3溴化N-十二烷基-N,N-二甲基苄铵（或N-十二烷基-N,N-二甲基芊基溴化铵）
N H N N H CH2 N CH3 CH3 [ C12H25 ]+ Br- 六氢吡啶 咪唑 溴化N-十二烷基-N,N-二甲基苄铵 （或N-十二烷基-N,N-二甲基苄基溴化铵）
13.2.2 Structure and Physical Properties13.2.2.1 StructureRlRy.R-NO=能垒～6kcal/molON-R?R3RRRNT-R4RINR3
13.2.2 Structure and Physical Properties 13.2.2.1 Structure N 能垒～6kcal/mol R1 R 2 R 3 : : N R 1 R 2 R 3 N R 1 R 2 R 3 + R 4 R 4 N + R 1 R 2 R 3
13.2.2.2PhysicalProperties气味颜色熔、沸点溶解度
13.2.2.2 Physical Properties 气味 颜色 溶解度 熔、沸点
13.2.3 Chemical Properties13.2.3.1 BasicityNaOHR*NHX-R,N + NaX+H,0R3N +HX(无机酸，有机酸，路易斯酸）
13.2.3 Chemical Properties 13.2.3.1 Basicity (无机酸，有机酸，路易斯酸） R3N + HX R3 +NHX - R3N + NaX H2O NaOH
OHRNH3RNH2H0++[RNH3][OH]KhpKb= - logKb[RNH2]R+NH3+ H,ORNH2 +H3[RNH2][H+]KpK,= - logKa[RN*H3]
pKb= - ㏒Kb R +NH3 H2O Ka RNH2 H3 +O pKa = - ㏒Ka RNH2 H2O kb R +NH3 OH - Kb = [RN +H3 ][OH -] [RNH2 ] Ka = [RNH2 ][H + ] [RN +H3 ]