第十八章 核酸和辅酶化学
第十八章 核酸和辅酶化学
核酸的分类 Nucleic acid DNA-Deoxyribonucleic acid RNA-Ribonucleic acid base base 一 β-glycosidic bond B-glycosidic bond ribose ←—2-deoxy-ribose OH O=P-0 base base OH rRNA OP一 mRNA tRNA RNA DNA
核酸的分类 DNA——Deoxyribonucleic acid RNA——Ribonucleic acid Nucleic acid base O O O P O O O- base O O O P O O- base O O O P O O O- base O O O P O O- OH OH RNA DNA -glycosidic bond -glycosidic bond ribose 2-deoxy-ribose rRNA mRNA tRNA
元素组成 二、基本结构单位—核苷酸 核酸一多聚核苷酸(polynucleotides) n核苷酸(nucleotide) 磷酸 核苷(nucleoside) 戊糖-ribose(R) 碱基AGUC deoxyribose(dR) AGTC
一、元素组成 C H O N 磷酸 核苷（nucleoside) 戊糖-ribose(R) deoxyribose(dR) 碱基 A G U C A G T C 核酸——多聚核苷酸（polynucleotides) n·核苷酸（nucleotide) P 二、基本结构单位——核苷酸
核酸中的碱基Base in Nucleic Acids) Nucleoside base sugar Nucleotide base sugar phosphate Nucleic acid polynucleotide Nucleotide sequence Base sequence The bases in DNA and RNA NH2 NH2 H NH NH NH2 Adenine(A) Guanine(G) Cytosine(C)Thymine(T) Uracil(U) (in DNA) (in RNA) Purine Pyrimidine
Nucleoside = base + sugar Nucleotide = base + sugar + phosphate Nucleic acid = polynucleotide Nucleotide sequence = Base sequence 核酸中的碱基(Base in Nucleic Acids) The bases in DNA and RNA N N N H N NH2 NH N N H N O NH2 Adenine(A) Guanine(G) Purine N N H NH2 O NH N H O O NH N H O O Cytosine(C) Thymine(T) Uracil(U) Pyrimidine (in DNA) (in RNA)
戊糖的结构 5 HOCH> OH 4 H H H 3 HO β-D-2-Deoxyribose P514
O 戊糖的结构 Ｐ５１４