Resistance to penicillins o Structural changes of penicillin binding protein (PBP) PBP production caused by sensitive or inter-bacterial gene recombination ·Decrease of porin Hydrolysis by B-lactamases
Resistance to penicillins • Structural changes of penicillin binding protein (PBP) • PBP production caused by sensitive or inter-bacterial gene recombination • Decrease of porin • Hydrolysis by β-lactamases
Adverse effects ◆Allergic reactions Allergic shock,0.004%-0.04% 10%cross-sensitivity between penicillin- derivatives,cephalosporins,and carbapenems Inquiring history of B-lactam antibiotics s use √Skin test before use Seizure-like reaction when intrathecally administrated in large amount (>20000 U) (seizure model)(inhibition of GABA synthesis,...)
Adverse effects Allergic reactions Allergic shock, 0.004% －0.04% 10% cross-sensitivity between penicillinderivatives, cephalosporins, and carbapenems Inquiring history of β-lactam antibiotics use Skin test before use Seizure-like reaction when intrathecally administrated in large amount (>20000 U) (seizure model) (inhibition of GABA synthesis, …)
Semi-synthetic penicillins Why semi-synthetic?
Semi-synthetic penicillins Why semi-synthetic?
Penicillin G Advantages disadvantages high efficacy acid-irresistant low toxicity B -lactamase-irresistant cheap narrow spectrum easy to use high allergic reactions
Penicillin G ————————————————————— Advantages disadvantages ————————————————————— high efficacy acid-irresistant low toxicity β-lactamase-irresistant cheap narrow spectrum easy to use high allergic reactions —————————————————————